Seroepidemiological Study of Interepidemic Rift Valley Fever Virus Infection among Persons with Intense Ruminant Exposure in Madagascar and Kenya


Gray, Gregory C, Anderson, Benjamin D, LaBeaud, A Desiree, Heraud, Jean-Michel, Fevre, Eric M ORCID: 0000-0001-8931-4986, Andriamandimby, Soa Fy, Cook, Elizabeth AJ ORCID: 0000-0001-6081-8363, Dahir, Saidi, de Glanville, William A, Heil, Gary L et al (show 7 more authors) (2015) Seroepidemiological Study of Interepidemic Rift Valley Fever Virus Infection among Persons with Intense Ruminant Exposure in Madagascar and Kenya. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE, 93 (6). pp. 1364-1370.

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Abstract

In this cross-sectional seroepidemiological study we sought to examine the evidence for circulation of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) among herders in Madagascar and Kenya. From July 2010 to June 2012, we enrolled 459 herders and 98 controls (without ruminant exposures) and studied their sera (immunoglobulin G [IgG] and IgM through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] and plaque reduction neutralization test [PRNT] assays) for evidence of previous RVFV infection. Overall, 59 (12.9%) of 459 herders and 7 (7.1%) of the 98 controls were positive by the IgG ELISA assay. Of the 59 ELISA-positive herders, 23 (38.9%) were confirmed by the PRNT assay (21 from eastern Kenya). Two of the 21 PRNT-positive study subjects also had elevated IgM antibodies against RVFV suggesting recent infection. Multivariate modeling in this study revealed that being seminomadic (odds ratio [OR] = 6.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.1-15.4) was most strongly associated with antibodies against RVFV. Although we cannot know when these infections occurred, it seems likely that some interepidemic RVFV infections are occurring among herders. As there are disincentives regarding reporting RVFV outbreaks in livestock or wildlife, it may be prudent to conduct periodic, limited, active seroepidemiological surveillance for RVFV infections in herders, especially in eastern Kenya.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Animals, Ruminants, Humans, Rift Valley fever virus, Zoonoses, Rift Valley Fever, Immunoglobulin M, Antibodies, Viral, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Neutralization Tests, Risk Factors, Adolescent, Adult, Middle Aged, Kenya, Madagascar, Female, Male, Young Adult, Epidemics
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 20 Oct 2015 08:07
Last Modified: 15 Dec 2022 12:17
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0383
Related URLs:
URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/2032599
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