A model to assess the efficacy of vaccines for control of liver fluke infection

Turner, Joanne ORCID: 0000-0002-0258-2353, Howell, Alison ORCID: 0000-0002-1988-1376, McCann, Cathy, Caminade, Cyril ORCID: 0000-0002-3846-7082, Bowers, Roger G ORCID: 0000-0001-8207-297X, Williams, Diana ORCID: 0000-0001-8186-7236 and Baylis, Matthew ORCID: 0000-0003-0335-187X (2016) A model to assess the efficacy of vaccines for control of liver fluke infection. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 6 (1). 23345-.

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Abstract

Fasciola hepatica, common liver fluke, infects cattle and sheep causing disease and production losses costing approximately $3billion annually. Current control relies on drugs designed to kill the parasite. However, resistance is evident worldwide and widespread in some areas. Work towards a vaccine has identified several antigens of F. hepatica that show partial efficacy in terms of reducing worm burden and egg output. A critical question is what level of efficacy is required for such a vaccine to be useful? We have created the first mathematical model to assess the effectiveness of liver fluke vaccines under simulated field conditions. The model describes development of fluke within a group of animals and includes heterogeneity in host susceptibility, seasonal exposure to metacercariae and seasonal changes in temperature affecting metacercarial survival. Our analysis suggests that the potential vaccine candidates could reduce total fluke burden and egg output by up to 43% and 99%, respectively, on average under field conditions. It also suggests that for a vaccine to be effective, it must protect at least 90% of animals for the whole season. In conclusion, novel, partial, vaccines could contribute substantially towards fasciolosis control, reducing usage of anthelmintics and thus delaying the spread of anthelmintic resistance.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Animals, Cattle, Sheep, Fasciola hepatica, Fascioliasis, Cattle Diseases, Sheep Diseases, Protozoan Vaccines, Models, Biological
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	11 Apr 2016 11:01
Last Modified:	15 Dec 2022 16:31
DOI:	10.1038/srep23345
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3000179