Characterization of the Prophage Repertoire of African Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 Reveals High Levels of Spontaneous Induction of Novel Phage BTP1



Owen, SV ORCID: 0000-0001-5330-3177, Wenner, N, Canals, R ORCID: 0000-0001-7079-7690, Makumi, A, Hammarlof, DL, Gordon, MA ORCID: 0000-0002-0629-0884, Aertsen, A, Feasey, NA and Hinton, JCD ORCID: 0000-0003-2671-6026
(2017) Characterization of the Prophage Repertoire of African Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 Reveals High Levels of Spontaneous Induction of Novel Phage BTP1. FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY, 8 (FEB). 235-.

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Characterization of the Prophage Repertoire of African Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 Reveals High Levels of Spontaneous Induction of Novel Phage BTP1.pdf - Published version

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Abstract

In the past 30 years,Salmonella bloodstream infections have become a significant health problem in sub-Saharan Africa and are responsible for the deaths of anestimated 390,000 people each year. The disease is predominantly caused by a recently described sequence type of SalmonellaTyphimurium: ST313, which has a distinctive set of prophage sequences. We have thoroughly characterized the ST313-associated prophages both genetically and experimentally. ST313 representative strain D23580 contains five full-length prophages: BTP1, Gifsy-2D23580, ST64BD23580, Gifsy-1D23580,and BTP5. We show that commonS.Typhimurium prophages Gifsy-2, Gifsy-1, andST64B are inactivated in ST313 by mutations. Prophage BTP1 was found to be a functional novel phage, and the first isolate of the proposed new species “Salmonellavirus BTP1”, belonging to the P22virusgenus. Surprisingly,∼109BTP1 virus particlesperml were detected in the supernatant of non-induced, stationary-phase culturesof strain D23580, representing the highest spontaneously induced phage titer so farreported for a bacterial prophage. High spontaneous induction is shown to be anintrinsic property of prophage BTP1, and indicates the phage-mediated lysis of around0.2% of the lysogenic population. The fact that BTP1 is highly conserved in ST313 poses interesting questions about the potential fitness costs and benefits of novel prophagesin epidemicS.Typhimurium ST313.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Gifsy, ST64B, BTP5, P22, polylysogeny, D23580
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 24 Mar 2017 10:24
Last Modified: 19 Jan 2023 07:09
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00235
Related URLs:
URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3006596