E-cigarette vapour enhances pneumococcal adherence to airway epithelial cells

Miyashita, Lisa, Suri, Reetika, Dearing, Emma, Mudway, Ian, Dove, Rosamund E, Neill, Daniel R ORCID: 0000-0002-7911-8153, Van Zyl-Smit, Richard, Kadioglu, Aras ORCID: 0000-0003-1137-6321 and Grigg, Jonathan (2018) E-cigarette vapour enhances pneumococcal adherence to airway epithelial cells. EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, 51 (02).

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Abstract

E-cigarette vapour contains free radicals with the potential to induce oxidative stress. Since oxidative stress in airway cells increases platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) expression, and PAFR is co-opted by pneumococci to adhere to host cells, we hypothesised that E-cigarette vapour increases pneumococcal adhesion to airway cells. Nasal epithelial PAFR was assessed in non-vaping controls, and in adults before and after 5 min of vaping. We determined the effect of vapour on oxidative stress-induced, PAFR-dependent pneumococcal adhesion to airway epithelial cells in vitro, and on pneumococcal colonisation in the mouse nasopharynx. Elemental analysis of vapour was done by mass spectrometry, and oxidative potential of vapour assessed by antioxidant depletion in vitro. There was no difference in baseline nasal epithelial PAFR expression between vapers (n=11) and controls (n=6). Vaping increased nasal PAFR expression. Nicotine-containing and nicotine-free E-cigarette vapour increased pneumococcal adhesion to airway cells in vitro. Vapour-stimulated adhesion in vitro was attenuated by the PAFR blocker CV3988. Nicotine-containing E-cigarette vapour increased mouse nasal PAFR expression, and nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonisation. Vapour contained redox-active metals, had considerable oxidative activity, and adhesion was attenuated by the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine. This study suggests that E-cigarette vapour has the potential to increase susceptibility to pneumococcal infection.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Respiratory System, Cell Line, Epithelial Cells, Animals, Humans, Mice, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Bacterial Adhesion, Oxidative Stress, Adult, Female, Male, Vaping, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	21 Mar 2018 09:28
Last Modified:	19 Jan 2023 06:38
DOI:	10.1183/13993003.01592-2017
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3019259