Impact of systemic antimicrobial therapy on mucosal staphylococci in a population of dogs in Northwest England

Schmidt, Vanessa M ORCID: 0000-0001-5460-6217, Pinchbeck, Gina ORCID: 0000-0002-5671-8623, Nuttall, Tim, Shaw, Steve, McIntyre, K Marie ORCID: 0000-0003-1360-122X, McEwan, Neil, Dawson, Susan and Williams, Nicola J (2018) Impact of systemic antimicrobial therapy on mucosal staphylococci in a population of dogs in Northwest England. VETERINARY DERMATOLOGY, 29 (3). 192-+.

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Abstract

<h4>Background</h4>Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are increasingly isolated from veterinary patients.<h4>Objectives</h4>To determine risk factors for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among canine mucosal staphylococci following routine antimicrobial treatment with cefalexin (CFX), clavulanate-amoxicillin (AC), cefovecin (CVN), clindamycin (CD) or a fluoroquinolone (FQ).<h4>Animals</h4>Mucosal swab samples (n = 463) were collected from 127 dogs pre-treatment, immediately, and at one- and three-months post-treatment.<h4>Methods</h4>Staphylococci were identified phenotypically and biochemically as coagulase negative (CoNS) or coagulase positive (CoPS); CoPS were speciated by nuc gene PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using disc diffusion and mecA gene carriage by PCR. Multilevel, multivariable models examined associations between risk factors and presence/absence of CoPS, meticillin resistance (MR), multidrug-resistance (MDR) and fluoroquinolone resistance (FQR).<h4>Results</h4>The percentage of samples with CoNS increased and with CoPS (including S. pseudintermedius) decreased immediately post-treatment with CFX, CVN and CD (P ≤ 0.001) and one month post-treatment with CD (P = 0.003). By three months post-treatment, there was no significant difference compared to pre-treatment samples. Immediately post-treatment with FQs there was significantly increased risk of isolating MRS (P = 0.002), MDR (P = 0.002) or FQR (P = 0.013) staphylococci and of MDR following CFX treatment (P = 0.019). The percentage of samples with AMR staphylococci declined from immediately to three months post-treatment and there was no significant difference between resistance prevalence at one or three months post-treatment for most AMR traits and treatment groups. Exceptions include increased MDR following FQ (P = 0.048) or CFX (P = 0.021), at one and three months post-treatment, respectively.<h4>Conclusions and clinical importance</h4>Systemic antimicrobials impact on mucosal staphylococci. Immediately after therapy, the mucosa may be a reservoir for AMR staphylococci that are a source of mobile genetic elements carrying AMR genes.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Mucous Membrane, Animals, Dogs, Staphylococcus, Staphylococcal Infections, Dog Diseases, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Methicillin Resistance, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, England
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	25 Jun 2018 11:21
Last Modified:	02 Feb 2024 09:34
DOI:	10.1111/vde.12538
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3021452