An FPGA-Based Implementation of a Multifunction Environment Sensing Device for Shared Access With Rotating Radars

Khan, Zaheer ORCID: 0000-0003-2951-5684, Lehtomaki, Janne J, Hossain, Ekram, Latva-Aho, Matti and Marshall, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-8058-5242 (2018) An FPGA-Based Implementation of a Multifunction Environment Sensing Device for Shared Access With Rotating Radars. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT, 67 (11). pp. 2561-2578.

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Abstract

To protect radar receivers and to facilitate shared access in radar bands, regulatory bodies have recommended the use of spectrum monitoring devices called environmental sensing capability (ESC). High-speed and low-cost ESC devices are required to process in real time the large amount of data (in-phase and quadrature samples) for the detection of radar signals and to differentiate them from secondary users (SUs) signals. In this paper, we present a field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based design and implementation of a multifunction ESC device that can detect radar pulses and can also differentiate them from SU signals in microsecond time scales. The proposed ESC device performs the following tasks in parallel: 1) it detects and differentiates between radar and SU signals; 2) it measures received signal strength from SUs for radar protection; and 3) it also measures SUs' airtime utilization (ATU) in a channel, which can be used to perform load balancing (based on ATU) of SUs on different channels for efficient access. Detection of signals requires threshold setting. We present a novel minimum-based threshold setting technique, which is suitable for real-time operation of energy detectors. We implement a prototype of the proposed ESC device design on a Wireless Open-Access Research Platform node, which is equipped with a Xilinx FPGA. We evaluate the performance of the implemented device and show that with very high probability (close to 100%), it detects and differentiates between radar and SU signals. Moreover, it also accurately measures the ATU of SUs.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	5G, database, environmental sensing capability (ESC) devices, field-programmable gate array (FPGA), prototype, radars, shared spectrum access, spectrum access system, spectrum measurements, temporal sharing (TS), wireless platforms
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	01 Jun 2018 10:36
Last Modified:	16 Mar 2024 22:37
DOI:	10.1109/TIM.2018.2828718
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3022002