Flexible versus structured support for reasoning: enhancing analytical reasoning through a flexible analytic technique



Stromer-Galley, Jennifer, Rossini, Patricia ORCID: 0000-0002-4463-6444, Kenski, Kate, McKernan, Brian, Clegg, Benjamin, Folkestad, James, osterlund, Carsten, Schooler, Lael, Boichak, Olga, Canzonetta, Jordan
et al (show 4 more authors) (2021) Flexible versus structured support for reasoning: enhancing analytical reasoning through a flexible analytic technique. INTELLIGENCE AND NATIONAL SECURITY, 36 (2). pp. 279-298.

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Abstract

Structured analytic techniques (SATs) help the intelligence community reduce flaws in cognition that lead to faulty reasoning. To ascertain whether SATs provide benefits to reasoning we conducted an experiment within a web-based application, comparing three conditions: 1) unaided reasoning, 2) a prototypical order-based SAT and 3) a flexible, process-based SAT that we call TRACE. Our findings suggest that the more flexible SAT generated higher quality reasoning compared to the other conditions. Consequently, techniques and training that support flexible analytical processes rather than those that require a set sequence of steps may be more beneficial to intelligence analysis and complex reasoning.  Keywords: structured analytical techniques, Analysis of Competing Hypotheses, tradecraft, cognitive biases, experiments.

Item Type: Article
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 24 Nov 2020 08:41
Last Modified: 18 Jan 2023 23:20
DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2020.1841466
Related URLs:
URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3107974