Raising the bar: improving methodological rigour in cognitive alcohol research

Pennington, Charlotte R, Jones, Andrew, Bartlett, James E, Copeland, Amber and Shaw, Daniel J (2021) Raising the bar: improving methodological rigour in cognitive alcohol research. ADDICTION, 116 (11). pp. 3243-3251.

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Abstract

<h4>Background and aims</h4>A range of experimental paradigms claim to measure the cognitive processes underpinning alcohol use, suggesting that heightened attentional bias, greater approach tendencies and reduced cue-specific inhibitory control are important drivers of consumption. This paper identifies methodological shortcomings within this broad domain of research and exemplifies them in studies focused specifically on alcohol-related attentional bias.<h4>Argument and analysis</h4>We highlight five main methodological issues: (i) the use of inappropriately matched control stimuli; (ii) opacity of stimulus selection and validation procedures; (iii) a credence in noisy measures; (iv) a reliance on unreliable tasks; and (v) variability in design and analysis. This is evidenced through a review of alcohol-related attentional bias (64 empirical articles, 68 tasks), which reveals the following: only 53% of tasks use appropriately matched control stimuli; as few as 38% report their stimulus selection and 19% their validation procedures; less than 28% used indices capable of disambiguating attentional processes; 22% assess reliability; and under 2% of studies were pre-registered.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Well-matched and validated experimental stimuli, the development of reliable cognitive tasks and explicit assessment of their psychometric properties, and careful consideration of behavioural indices and their analysis will improve the methodological rigour of cognitive alcohol research. Open science principles can facilitate replication and reproducibility in alcohol research.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Addiction, alcohol, attentional bias, cognition, methodology, open science, reliability
Divisions:	Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Population Health
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	25 May 2021 10:07
Last Modified:	18 Jan 2023 22:44
DOI:	10.1111/add.15563
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3123969