Ogbe, Ane, Kronsteiner, Barbara, Skelly, Donal T, Pace, Matthew, Brown, Anthony, Adland, Emily, Adair, Kareena ORCID: 0000-0001-9884-2094, Akhter, Hossain Delowar, Ali, Mohammad, Ali, Serat-E ORCID: 0000-0002-9806-8796 et al (show 70 more authors)
(2021)
T cell assays differentiate clinical and subclinical SARS-CoV-2 infections from cross-reactive antiviral responses.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 12 (1).
2055-.
Text
T cell assays differentiate clinical and subclinical SARS-CoV-2 infections from cross-reactive antiviral responses.pdf - Author Accepted Manuscript Download (2MB) | Preview |
Abstract
Identification of protective T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 requires distinguishing people infected with SARS-CoV-2 from those with cross-reactive immunity to other coronaviruses. Here we show a range of T cell assays that differentially capture immune function to characterise SARS-CoV-2 responses. Strong ex vivo ELISpot and proliferation responses to multiple antigens (including M, NP and ORF3) are found in 168 PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infected volunteers, but are rare in 119 uninfected volunteers. Highly exposed seronegative healthcare workers with recent COVID-19-compatible illness show T cell response patterns characteristic of infection. By contrast, >90% of convalescent or unexposed people show proliferation and cellular lactate responses to spike subunits S1/S2, indicating pre-existing cross-reactive T cell populations. The detection of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 is therefore critically dependent on assay and antigen selection. Memory responses to specific non-spike proteins provide a method to distinguish recent infection from pre-existing immunity in exposed populations.
Item Type: | Article |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Oxford Immunology Network Covid-19 Response T Cell Consortium, Oxford Protective T Cell Immunology for COVID-19 (OPTIC) Clinical Team, T-Lymphocytes, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Humans, Peptides, Immunoglobulin G, Cytokines, Antiviral Agents, Immunoassay, Cell Proliferation, Cross Reactions, Immunologic Memory, Health Personnel, Interferon-gamma, HEK293 Cells, Pandemics, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 |
Divisions: | Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Admin |
Date Deposited: | 04 Jun 2021 11:57 |
Last Modified: | 18 Jan 2023 22:36 |
DOI: | 10.1038/s41467-021-21856-3 |
Related URLs: | |
URI: | https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3125113 |