Abbas, Ali Hadi 
ORCID: 0000-0003-2694-730X, Al Saegh, Haider Abas and ALaraji, Furkan Sabbar ORCID: 0000-0003-3179-1178
(2021)
Sequence diversity and evolution of infectious bursal disease virus in Iraq.
F1000Research, 10.
293-.
Abstract
<b>Background: </b>Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) is a highly infectious disease which causes huge economic losses to the poultry industry due to the direct impact of the illness and indirect consequences such as decreasing the general immunity of the flock, leaving it naive to other diseases. In Iraq, IBD is highly prevalent despite vaccination programs, yet studies on sequence diversity of the causative virus are still rare. <b>Methods:</b> A sample from Bursa of Fabricius from an IBD outbreak in a flock in the city of Najaf in Iraq was smeared on an FTA card. Amplicons of targeted regions in VP1 and VP2 genes were generated and sequenced. Sequences were then compared with other local and global sequences downloaded from GenBank repositories. Sequence alignment and DNA sequence analyses were achieved using MUSCLE, UGENE and MEGAx software. The molecular clock and sequence evolutionary analyses were applied using MEGAx tools. <b>Results:</b> The strain sequenced in this study belongs to a very virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (vvIBDV) as the DNA and phylogenetic analysis of VP1 and VP2 gene sequences showed a mutual clustering with similar sequences belonging to vvIBDV genogroup 3. Analyses of the hyper variable region of VP2 gene (hvVP2) of IBDV isolates from Iraq indicates a presence of sequence diversity. Interestingly, the two vaccine strains Ventri IBDV Plus and ABIC MB71 that showed the highest sequence similarity to the local isolates in the hvVP2 region are not used in vaccination routine against IBDV in Iraq. <b>Conclusion:</b> Sequences of vvIBDV in Iraq are diverse. Remarkably, some of the available vaccine strains show high sequence similarity with local strains in Iraq; however, they are not included in the routine vaccination programs. Analysis of more samples involving more geographical regions is needed to draw a detailed map of antigenic diversity of IBDV in Iraq.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Animals, Chickens, Infectious bursal disease virus, Birnaviridae Infections, Poultry Diseases, Phylogeny, Iraq |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Symplectic Admin |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Jun 2021 09:00 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Jan 2023 22:35 |
| DOI: | 10.12688/f1000research.28421.2 |
| Open Access URL: | http://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.28421.1 |
| Related URLs: | |
| URI: | https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3125840 |
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