Deciphering syn- and post-emplacement processes in shallow mafic dykes using magnetic anisotropy

Martin, Simon A ORCID: 0000-0002-2820-4190, Kavanagh, Janine L ORCID: 0000-0003-0274-9843 and Biggin, Andrew J ORCID: 0000-0003-4164-5924 (2022) Deciphering syn- and post-emplacement processes in shallow mafic dykes using magnetic anisotropy. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 422. p. 107456.

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Abstract

Dykes form key pathways for the transport and emplacement of magma within the crust. We have identified syn- and post-emplacement processes recorded across a ~2 m thick basaltic dyke on the Isle of Skye, Scotland. We measured the rock magnetic properties, anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) and anisotropy of anhysteretic magnetisation (AARM) across two dyke-thickness profiles spaced 13 m apart along the dyke strike (sites G5 and G6). At 20–25 cm intervals, our samples are very closely spaced compared to standard sampling protocols. Our results show that the dyke's magnetic fabrics originate from two mineral groups: titanomagnetite, which is abundant in the central dyke region at site G5, and iron sulphides (pyrite and pyrrhotite) that dominates the margin regions at both sites. The titanomagnetite occurs in unaltered dyke rock; its magnetic fabrics are primary, having formed during magma solidification, and record lateral magma flow. The pyrrhotite occurs in jointed and hydrothermally altered dyke rock; its petrological and magnetic fabrics are secondary, having originated from a sulphide-rich fluid which infiltrated cooling joints oriented perpendicular to the dyke margins and locally modified the primary magnetic fabrics. At site G6, pyrrhotite also occurs in the dyke centre, suggesting that locally the post-emplacement sulphide-rich fluid permeated into this region; this site is located close to a branch in the dyke and has increased joint frequency, which could explain the enhanced alteration. The presence of syn- (primary) and post-emplacement (secondary) fabrics was only identified due to our high frequency sampling regime and use of both AMS and AARM techniques. We highlight that future magnetic anisotropy studies of dykes may benefit from high sample frequency combined with sampling along-strike and across-thickness. Using both AMS and AARM techniques to detect more variations in magnetic fabrics can reveal more complete syn- and post-emplacement dyke histories.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility, Anisotropy of anhysteretic remanent magnetisation, Dyke emplacement, Post-emplacement alteration iron sulphides, British and Irish Palaeogene Igneous Province
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Engineering > School of Environmental Sciences
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	26 Jan 2022 11:30
Last Modified:	18 Jan 2023 21:14
DOI:	10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107456
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3147617