Huan, Xintao, Kim, Kyeong Soo, Lee, Sanghyuk, Lim, Eng Gee ORCID: 0000-0003-0199-7386 and Marshall, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-8058-5242
(2021)
Improving Multi-Hop Time Synchronization Performance in Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Packet-Relaying Gateways With Per-Hop Delay Compensation.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, 69 (9).
pp. 6093-6105.
Text
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Abstract
Based on the reverse asymmetric time synchronization framework, we have proposed several schemes with a major focus on the energy efficiency and computational complexity of a large number of battery-powered, low-cost sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). To address the cumulative end-to-end synchronization error, we have also introduced an idea of compensating for the processing delays at packet-relaying gateways as an energy-efficient way of multi-hop extension of WSN time synchronization schemes. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of the multi-hop extension of WSN time synchronization schemes based on packet-relaying gateways with the per-hop delay compensation and the results of extensive experiments for the energy-efficient time synchronization schemes based on the reverse asymmetric time synchronization framework together with the flooding time synchronization protocol as a representative of existing schemes. Experimental results based on a real testbed demonstrate that the multi-hop extension based on packet-relaying gateways with the per-hop delay compensation greatly improves the performance of time synchronization of all the schemes considered compared to the multi-hop extension based on the conventional time-translating gateways.
Item Type: | Article |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Synchronization, Wireless sensor networks, Logic gates, Delays, Spread spectrum communication, Energy efficiency, Protocols, Multi-hop time synchronization, processing delay compensation, packet relaying, wireless sensor networks |
Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Engineering > School of Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Computer Science |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Admin |
Date Deposited: | 07 Feb 2022 11:01 |
Last Modified: | 17 Mar 2024 12:32 |
DOI: | 10.1109/TCOMM.2021.3092038 |
Related URLs: | |
URI: | https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3148224 |