Li, Yuepei, Ding, Yuan, Zhang, Junqing 
ORCID: 0000-0002-3502-2926, Goussetis, George and Podilchak, Symon KK
(2022)
Radio Frequency Fingerprinting Exploiting Non-Linear Memory Effect.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COGNITIVE COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING, 8 (4).
pp. 1618-1631.
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Abstract
Radio frequency fingerprint (RFF) identification distinguishes wireless transmitters by exploiting their hardware imperfection that is inherent in typical radio frequency (RF) front ends. This can reduce the risks for the identities of legitimate devices being copied, or forged, which can also occur in conventional software-based identification systems. This paper analyzes the feasibility of device identification exploiting the unique non-linear memory effect of the transmitter RF chains consisting of matched pulse shaping filters and non-linear power amplifiers (PAs). This unique feature can be extracted from the received distorted constellation diagrams (CDs) with the help of image recognition-based classification algorithms. In order to validate the performance of the proposed RFF approach, experiments are carried out in cabled and over the air (OTA) scenarios. In the cabled experiment, the average classification accuracy among systems of 8 PAs (4 PAs of the same model and the other 4 of different models) is around 92% at signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 10 dB. For the OTA line-of-sight (LOS) scenario, the average classification accuracy is 90% at SNR of 10 dB; for the non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenario, the average classification accuracy is 79% at SNR of 12 dB.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Additional Information: | (c) 2022 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Convolution neural network (CNN), non-linear memory effect, radio frequency fingerprint (RFF) |
| Depositing User: | Symplectic Admin |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Oct 2022 10:06 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Mar 2024 14:44 |
| DOI: | 10.1109/TCCN.2022.3212414 |
| Related URLs: | |
| URI: | https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3165064 |
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