Intra-individual differences in the effect of endurance versus resistance training on vascular function: A cross-over study

Dawson, Ellen Adele, Sheikhsaraf, Bahare, Boidin, Maxime, Erskine, Robert M and Thijssen, Dick HJ (2021) Intra-individual differences in the effect of endurance versus resistance training on vascular function: A cross-over study. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS, 31 (8). pp. 1683-1692.

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Abstract

We used a within-subject, cross-over design study to compare the impact of 4-weeks' resistance (RT) versus endurance (END) training on vascular function. We subsequently explored the association of intra-individual effects of RT versus END on vascular function with a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the NOS3 gene. Thirty-five healthy males (21 ± 2 years old) were genotyped for the NOS3 rs2070744 SNP and completed both training modalities. Participants completed 12 sessions over a 4-week period, either RT (leg-extension) or END (cycling) training in a randomized, balanced cross-over design with a 3-week washout period. Participants performed peak oxygen uptake (peak VO₂ ) and leg-extension single-repetition maximum (1-RM) testing, and vascular function assessment using flow-mediated dilation (FMD) on 3 separated days pre/post-training. Peak VO₂ increased after END (p < 0.001), while 1-RM increased after RT (p < 0.001). FMD improved after 4-weeks' training (time effect: p = 0.006), with no difference between exercise modalities (interaction effect: p = 0.92). No relation was found between individual changes (delta, pre-post) in FMD to both types of training (R²  = 0.06, p = 0.14). Intra-individual changes in FMD following END and RT were associated with the NOS3 SNP, with TT homozygotes significantly favoring only END (p = 0.016) and TC/CC tending to favor RT only (p = 0.056). Although both training modes improved vascular function, significant intra-individual variation in the adaptation of FMD was found. The association with NOS3 genotype suggests a genetic predisposition to FMD adapting to a specific mode of chronic exercise. This study therefore provides novel evidence for personalized exercise training to optimize vascular health.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	aerobic training, endothelial function, genetics, response to training, strength training, trainability
Divisions:	Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Life Courses and Medical Sciences
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	23 Jan 2023 10:09
Last Modified:	15 Feb 2023 09:27
DOI:	10.1111/sms.13975
Open Access URL:	https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13975
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3167797