Appropriate Human Serum Albumin Fluid Therapy and the Alleviation of COVID-19 Vulnerabilities: An Explanation of the HSA Lymphatic Nutrient Pump

Johnson, Andrew S, Polese, Gianluca, Johnson, Max and Winlow, William ORCID: 0000-0001-9465-802X (2022) Appropriate Human Serum Albumin Fluid Therapy and the Alleviation of COVID-19 Vulnerabilities: An Explanation of the HSA Lymphatic Nutrient Pump. COVID, 2 (10). pp. 1379-1395.

Access the full-text of this item by clicking on the Open Access link.

Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/covid2100099

Abstract

<jats:p>COVID-19 and long COVID-19 vulnerabilities may be caused indirectly by albumin binding deficiency (ABD), which can be corrected by the correct administration of human serum albumin (HSA). The liver is the primary site of nutrient regulation and fluid volume maintenance; control of both is by changes to albumin concentration. In healthy subjects, the HSA lymphatic nutrient pump (HSALNP) ensures continual pumping of nutrients from the liver and that nutrients are appropriately distributed to organs. Nutrients are delivered to cells according to the availability of binding to HSA. The HSALNP, therefore, maintains the correct nutrient and colloidal pressure balance in all tissues independently. In unhealthy tissues, following COVID-19 infection, the passage of HSA/nutrients through the interstitial spaces and lymph will be impeded. Fluid therapy into the periphery leads to the dilution of essential nutrients attached to the protein carriers such as albumin. The levels of albumin being charged by the liver with nutrients is critical in maintaining immune stability by maintaining nutrient support and colloidal pressure of the cellular structures. The site of HSA binding by the liver is of great importance, and direct infusion of albumin into the hepatic portal vein is the most appropriate method of maintaining colloid pressure and cellular nutrient levels.</jats:p>

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Digestive Diseases, Liver Disease, Nutrition, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, 1 Underpinning research, Generic health relevance
Divisions:	Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Life Courses and Medical Sciences
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	07 Feb 2023 09:44
Last Modified:	02 May 2024 02:16
DOI:	10.3390/covid2100099
Open Access URL:	https://doi.org/10.3390/covid2100099
Related URLs:	Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3168226