Ras protein abundance correlates with Ras isoform mutation patterns in cancer

Hood, Fiona E, Sahraoui, Yasmina M, Jenkins, Rosalind E and Prior, Ian A ORCID: 0000-0002-4055-5161 (2023) Ras protein abundance correlates with Ras isoform mutation patterns in cancer. ONCOGENE, 42 (15). pp. 1224-1232.

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41388-023-02638-1

Abstract

Activating mutations of Ras genes are often observed in cancer. The protein products of the three Ras genes are almost identical. However, for reasons that remain unclear, KRAS is far more frequently mutated than the other Ras isoforms in cancer and RASopathies. We have quantified HRAS, NRAS, KRAS4A and KRAS4B protein abundance across a large panel of cell lines and healthy tissues. We observe consistent patterns of KRAS > NRAS»HRAS protein expression in cells that correlate with the rank order of Ras mutation frequencies in cancer. Our data provide support for the model of a sweet-spot of Ras dosage mediating isoform-specific contributions to cancer and development. We suggest that in most cases, being the most abundant Ras isoform correlates with occupying the sweet-spot and that HRAS and NRAS expression is usually insufficient to promote oncogenesis when mutated. However, our results challenge the notion that rare codons mechanistically underpin the predominance of KRAS mutant cancers. Finally, direct measurement of mutant versus wildtype KRAS protein abundance revealed a frequent imbalance that may suggest additional non-gene duplication mechanisms for optimizing oncogenic Ras dosage.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Humans, Neoplasms, ras Proteins, Protein Isoforms, Signal Transduction, Mutation, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)
Divisions:	Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	20 Mar 2023 12:42
Last Modified:	20 Apr 2023 05:36
DOI:	10.1038/s41388-023-02638-1
Open Access URL:	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41388-023-02638-1
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3169172