The Role of the Environment in Horizontal Gene Transfer

Kirit, Hande Acar, Bollback, Jonathan P ORCID: 0000-0002-4624-4612 and Lagator, Mato (2022) The Role of the Environment in Horizontal Gene Transfer. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION, 39 (11). msac220-.

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Abstract

Gene-by-environment interactions play a crucial role in horizontal gene transfer by affecting how the transferred genes alter host fitness. However, how the environment modulates the fitness effect of transferred genes has not been tested systematically in an experimental study. We adapted a high-throughput technique for obtaining very precise estimates of bacterial fitness, in order to measure the fitness effects of 44 orthologs transferred from Salmonella Typhimurium to Escherichia coli in six physiologically relevant environments. We found that the fitness effects of individual genes were highly dependent on the environment, while the distributions of fitness effects across genes were not, with all tested environments resulting in distributions of same shape and spread. Furthermore, the extent to which the fitness effects of a gene varied between environments depended on the average fitness effect of that gene across all environments, with nearly neutral and nearly lethal genes having more consistent fitness effects across all environments compared to deleterious genes. Put together, our results reveal the unpredictable nature of how environmental conditions impact the fitness effects of each individual gene. At the same time, distributions of fitness effects across environments exhibit consistent features, pointing to the generalizability of factors that shape horizontal gene transfer of orthologous genes.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	distribution of fitness effects, evolutionary barriers, gene-by-environment interactions, horizontal gene transfer
Divisions:	Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	30 Mar 2023 07:04
Last Modified:	30 Mar 2023 07:04
DOI:	10.1093/molbev/msac220
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3169349