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Acharya, S, Adamová, D, Adler, A, Adolfsson, J, Aglieri Rinella, G, Agnello, M, Agrawal, N, Ahammed, Z, Ahmad, S, Ahn, SU et al (show 1013 more authors) , Ahuja, I, Akbar, Z, Akindinov, A, Al-Turany, M, Alam, SN, Aleksandrov, D, Alessandro, B, Alfanda, HM, Alfaro Molina, R, Ali, B, Ali, Y, Alici, A, Alizadehvandchali, N, Alkin, A, Alme, J, Alocco, G, Alt, T, Altsybeev, I, Anaam, MN, Andrei, C, Andreou, D, Andronic, A, Anguelov, V, Antinori, F, Antonioli, P, Anuj, C, Apadula, N, Aphecetche, L, Appelshäuser, H, Arcelli, S, Arnaldi, R, Arsene, IC, Arslandok, M, Augustinus, A, Averbeck, R, Aziz, S, Azmi, MD, Badalá, A, Baek, YW, Bai, X, Bailhache, R, Bailung, Y, Bala, R, Balbino, A, Baldisseri, A, Balis, B, Banerjee, D, Banoo, Z, Barbera, R, Barioglio, L, Barlou, M, Barnaföldi, GG, Barnby, LS, Barret, V, Bartels, C, Barth, K, Bartsch, E, Baruffaldi, F, Bastid, N, Basu, S, Batigne, G, Battistini, D, Batyunya, B, Bauri, D, Bazo Alba, JL, Bearden, IG, Beattie, C, Becht, P, Belikov, I, Bell Hechavarria, ADC, Bellini, F, Bellwied, R, Belokurova, S, Belyaev, V, Bencedi, G, Beole, S, Bercuci, A, Berdnikov, Y, Berdnikova, A, Bergmann, L, Besoiu, MG, Betev, L, Bhaduri, PP, Bhasin, A, Bhat, IR, Bhat, MA, Bhattacharjee, B, Bhattacharya, P, Bianchi, L, Bianchi, N, Bielčik, J, Bielčikova, J, Biernat, J, Bilandzic, A, Biro, G, Biswas, S, Blair, JT, Blau, D, Blidaru, MB, Blume, C, Boca, G, Bock, F, Bogdanov, A, Boi, S, Bok, J, Boldizsár, L, Bolozdynya, A, Bombara, M, Bond, PM, Bonomi, G, Borel, H, Borissov, A, Bossi, H, Botta, E, Bratrud, L, Braun-Munzinger, P, Bregant, M, Broz, M, Bruno, GE, Buckland, MD, Budnikov, D, Buesching, H, Bufalino, S, Bugnon, O, Buhler, P, Buthelezi, Z, Butt, JB, Bylinkin, A, Bysiak, SA, Cai, M, Caines, H, Caliva, A, Calvo Villar, E, Camacho, JMM, Camacho, RS, Camerini, P, Canedo, FDM, Carabas, M, Carnesecchi, F, Caron, R, Castillo Castellanos, J, Casula, EAR, Catalano, F, Ceballos Sanchez, C, Chakaberia, I, Chakraborty, P, Chandra, S, Chapeland, S, Chartier, M 
ORCID: 0000-0003-0578-5567, Chattopadhyay, S, Chattopadhyay, S, Chavez, TG, Cheng, T, Cheshkov, C, Cheynis, B, Chibante Barroso, V, Chinellato, DD, Cho, S, Chochula, P, Christakoglou, P, Christensen, CH, Christiansen, P, Chujo, T, Cicalo, C, Cifarelli, L, Cindolo, F, Ciupek, MR, Clai, G, Cleymans, J, Colamaria, F, Colburn, JS, Colella, D, Collu, A, Colocci, M, Concas, M, Conesa Balbastre, G, Conesa del Valle, Z, Contin, G, Contreras, JG, Coquet, ML, Cormier, TM, Cortese, P, Cosentino, MR, Costa, F, Costanza, S, Crochet, P, Cruz-Torres, R, Cuautle, E, Cui, P, Cunqueiro, L, Dainese, A, Danisch, MC, Danu, A, Das, P, Das, P, Das, S, Dash, S, De Caro, A, de Cataldo, G, De Cilladi, L, de Cuveland, J, De Falco, A, De Gruttola, D, De Marco, N, De Martín, C, De Pasquale, S, Deb, S, Degenhardt, HF, Deja, KR, Del Grande, R, Dello Stritto, L, Deng, W, Dhankher, P, Di Bari, D, Di Mauro, A, Diaz, RA, Dietel, T, Ding, Y, Diviá, R, Dixit, DU, Djuvsland, Ø, Dmitrieva, U, Do, J, Dobrin, A, Dönigus, B, Dubey, AK, Dubla, A, Dudi, S, Dupieux, P, Durkac, M, Dzalaiova, N, Eder, TM, Ehlers, RJ, Eikeland, VN, Eisenhut, F, Elia, D, Erazmus, B, Ercolessi, F, Erhardt, F, Erokhin, A, Ersdal, MR, Espagnon, B, Eulisse, G, Evans, D, Evdokimov, S, Fabbietti, L, Faggin, M, Faivre, J, Fan, F, Fan, W, Fantoni, A, Fasel, M, Fecchio, P, Feliciello, A, Feofilov, G, Fernández Téllez, A, Ferrero, A, Ferretti, A, Feuillard, VJG, Figiel, J, Filova, V, Finogeev, D, Fionda, FM, Fiorenza, G, Flor, F, Flores, AN, Foertsch, S, Fokin, S, Fragiacomo, E, Frajna, E, Francisco, A, Fuchs, U, Funicello, N, Furget, C, Furs, A, Gaardhøje, JJ, Gagliardi, M, Gago, AM, Gal, A, Galvan, CD, Ganoti, P, Garabatos, C, Garcia, JRA, Garcia-Solis, E, Garg, K, Gargiulo, C, Garibli, A, Garner, K, Gasik, P, Gauger, EF, Gautam, A, Gay Ducati, MB, Germain, M, Ghosh, SK, Giacalone, M, Gianotti, P, Giubellino, P, Giubilato, P, Glaenzer, AMC, Glässel, P, Glimos, E, Goh, DJQ, González, V, Gonzalez-Trueba, LH, Gorbunov, S, Gorgon, M, Görlich, L, Gotovac, S, Grabski, V, Graczykowski, LK, Greiner, L, Grelli, A, Grigoras, C, Grigoriev, V, Grigoryan, S, Grosa, F, Grosse-Oetringhaus, JF, Grosso, R, Grund, D, Guardiano, GG, Guernane, R, Guilbaud, M, Gulbrandsen, K, Gunji, T, Guo, W, Gupta, A, Gupta, R, Guzman, SP, Gyulai, L, Habib, MK, Hadjidakis, C, Hamagaki, H, Hamid, M, Hannigan, R, Haque, MR, Harlenderova, A, Harris, JW, Harton, A, Hasenbichler, JA, Hassan, H, Hatzifotiadou, D, Hauer, P, Havener, LB, Heckel, ST, Hellbär, E, Helstrup, H, Herman, T, Herrera Corral, G, Herrmann, F, Hetland, KF, Hillemanns, H, Hills, C, Hippolyte, B, Hofman, B, Hohlweger, B, Honermann, J, Hong, GH, Horak, D, Hornung, S, Horzyk, A, Hosokawa, R, Hou, Y, Hristov, P, Hughes, C, Huhn, P, Huhta, LM, Hulse, CV, Humanic, TJ, Hushnud, H, Husova, LA, Hutson, A, Iddon, JP, Ilkaev, R, Ilyas, H, Inaba, M, Innocenti, GM, Ippolitov, M, Isakov, A, Isidori, T, Islam, MS, Ivanov, M, Ivanov, V, Izucheev, V, Jablonski, M, Jacak, B, Jacazio, N, Jacobs, PM, Jadlovska, S, Jadlovsky, J, Jaelani, S, Jahnke, C, Jakubowska, MJ, Jalotra, A, Janik, MA, Janson, T, Jercic, M, Jevons, O, Jimenez, AAP, Jonas, F, Jones, PG, Jowett, JM, Jung, J, Jung, M, Junique, A, Jusko, A, Kabus, MJ, Kaewjai, J, Kalinak, P, Kalteyer, AS, Kalweit, A, Kaplin, V, Karasu Uysal, A, Karatovic, D, Karavichev, O, Karavicheva, T, Karczmarczyk, P, Karpechev, E, Kashyap, V, Kazantsev, A, Kebschull, U, Keidel, R, Keijdener, DLD, Keil, M, Ketzer, B, Khan, AM, Khan, S, Khanzadeev, A, Kharlov, Y, Khatun, A, Khuntia, A, Kileng, B, Kim, B, Kim, C, Kim, DJ, Kim, EJ, Kim, J, Kim, JS, Kim, J, Kim, J, Kim, M, Kim, S, Kim, T, Kirsch, S, Kisel, I, Kiselev, S, Kisiel, A, Kitowski, JP, Klay, JL, Klein, J, Klein, S, Klein-Bösing, C, Kleiner, M, Klemenz, T, Kluge, A, Knospe, AG, Kobdaj, C, Kollegger, T, Kondratyev, A, Kondratyeva, N, Kondratyuk, E, Konig, J, Konigstorfer, SA, Konopka, PJ, Kornakov, G, Koryciak, SD, Kotliarov, A, Kovalenko, O, Kovalenko, V, Kowalski, M, Králik, I, Kravčaková, A, Kreis, L, Krivda, M, Krizek, F, Krizkova Gajdosova, K, Kroesen, M, Krüger, M, Krupova, DM, Kryshen, E, Krzewicki, M, Kučera, V, Kuhn, C, Kuijer, PG, Kumaoka, T, Kumar, D, Kumar, L, Kumar, N, Kundu, S, Kurashvili, P, Kurepin, A, Kurepin, AB, Kuryakin, A, Kushpil, S, Kvapil, J, Kweon, MJ, Kwon, JY, Kwon, Y, La Pointe, SL, La Rocca, P, Lai, YS, Lakrathok, A, Lamanna, M, Langoy, R, Larionov, P, Laudi, E, Lautner, L, Lavicka, R, Lazareva, T, Lea, R, Lehrbach, J, Lemmon, RC, León Monzón, I, Lesch, MM, Lesser, ED, Lettrich, M, Lévai, P, Li, X, Li, XL, Lien, J, Lietava, R, Lim, B, Lim, SH, Lindenstruth, V, Lindner, A, Lippmann, C, Liu, A, Liu, DH, Liu, J ORCID: 0000-0002-8397-7620, Lofnes, IM, Loginov, V, Loizides, C, Loncar, P, Lopez, JA, Lopez, X, López Torres, E, Luhder, JR, Lunardon, M, Luparello, G, Ma, YG, Maevskaya, A, Mager, M, Mahmoud, T, Maire, A, Malaev, M, Malik, NM, Malik, QW, Malik, SK, Malinina, L, Mal’Kevich, D, Mallick, D, Mallick, N, Mandaglio, G, Manko, V, Manso, F, Manzari, V, Mao, Y, Margagliotti, GV, Margotti, A, Marín, A, Markert, C, Marquard, M, Martin, NA, Martinengo, P, Martinez, JL, Martinez, MI, Martínez García, G, Masciocchi, S, Masera, M, Masoni, A, Massacrier, L, Mastroserio, A, Mathis, AM, Matonoha, O, Matuoka, PFT, Matyja, A, Mayer, C, Mazuecos, AL, Mazzaschi, F, Mazzilli, M, Mdhluli, JE, Mechler, AF, Melikyan, Y, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meninno, E, Menon, AS, Meres, M, Mhlanga, S, Miake, Y, Micheletti, L, Migliorin, LC, Mihaylov, DL, Mikhaylov, K, Mishra, AN, Miśkowiec, D, Modak, A, Mohanty, AP, Mohanty, B, Khan, M Mohisin, Molander, MA, Moravcova, Z, Mordasini, C, Moreira De Godoy, DA, Morozov, I, Morsch, A, Mrnjavac, T, Muccifora, V, Mudnic, E, Mühlheim, D, Muhuri, S, Mulligan, JD, Mulliri, A, Munhoz, MG, Munzer, RH, Murakami, H, Murray, S, Musa, L, Musinsky, J, Myrcha, JW, Naik, B, Nair, R, Nandi, BK, Nania, R, Nappi, E, Nassirpour, AF, Nath, A, Nattrass, C, Neagu, A, Negru, A, Nellen, L, Nesbo, SV, Neskovic, G, Nesterov, D, Nielsen, BS, Nielsen, EG, Nikolaev, S, Nikulin, S, Nikulin, V, Noferini, F, Noh, S, Nomokonov, P, Norman, J, Novitzky, N, Nowakowski, P, Nyanin, A, Nystrand, J, Ogino, M, Ohlson, A, Okorokov, VA, Oleniacz, J, Oliveira Da Silva, AC, Oliver, MH, Onnerstad, A, Oppedisano, C, Ortiz Velasquez, A, Osako, T, Oskarsson, A, Otwinowski, J, Oya, M, Oyama, K, Pachmayer, Y, Padhan, S, Pagano, D, Paić, G, Palasciano, A, Panebianco, S, Park, J, Parkkila, JE, Pathak, SP, Patra, RN, Paul, B, Pei, H, Peitzmann, T, Peng, X, Pereira, LG, Pereira Da Costa, H, Peresunko, D, Perez, GM, Perrin, S, Pestov, Y, Petráček, V, Petrovici, M, Pezzi, RP, Piano, S, Pikna, M, Pillot, P, Pinazza, O, Pinsky, L, Pinto, C, Pisano, S, Płoskoń, M, Planinic, M, Pliquett, F, Poghosyan, MG, Polichtchouk, B, Politano, S, Poljak, N, Pop, A, Porteboeuf-Houssais, S, Porter, J, Pozdniakov, V, Prasad, SK, Preghenella, R, Prino, F, Pruneau, CA, Pshenichnov, I, Puccio, M, Qiu, S, Quaglia, L, Quishpe, RE, Ragoni, S, Rakotozafindrabe, A, Ramello, L, Rami, F, Ramirez, SAR, Rancien, TA, Raniwala, R, Raniwala, S, Räsänen, SS, Rath, R, Ravasenga, I, Read, KF, Redelbach, AR, Redlich, K, Rehman, A, Reichelt, P, Reidt, F, Reme-ness, HA, Rescakova, Z, Reygers, K, Riabov, A, Riabov, V, Richert, T, Richter, M, Riegler, W, Riggi, F, Ristea, C, Rodríguez Cahuantzi, M, Roed, K, Rogalev, R, Rogochaya, E, Rogoschinski, TS, Røhr, D, Röhrich, D, Rojas, PF, Rojas Torres, S, Rokita, PS, Ronchetti, F, Rosano, A, Rosas, ED, Rossi, A, Roy, A, Roy, P, Roy, S, Rubini, N, Rueda, OV, Ruggiano, D, Rui, R, Rumyantsev, B, Russek, PG, Russo, R, Rustamov, A, Ryabinkin, E, Ryabov, Y, Rybicki, A, Rytkonen, H, Rzesa, W, Saarimaki, OAM, Sadek, R, Sadovsky, S, Saetre, J, Šafařík, K, Saha, SK, Saha, S, Sahoo, B, Sahoo, P, Sahoo, R, Sahoo, S, Sahu, D, Sahu, PK, Saini, J, Sakai, S, Salvan, MP, Sambyal, S, Saramela, TB, Sarkar, D, Sarkar, N, Sarma, P, Sarti, VM, Sas, MHP, Schambach, J, Scheid, HS, Schiaua, C, Schicker, R, Schmah, A, Schmidt, C, Schmidt, HR, Schmidt, 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(2022)
Measurement of anti-3He nuclei absorption in matter and impact on their propagation in the Galaxy.
Nature Physics, 19 (1).
pp. 61-71.
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Open Access link.
Abstract
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>In our Galaxy, light antinuclei composed of antiprotons and antineutrons can be produced through high-energy cosmic-ray collisions with the interstellar medium or could also originate from the annihilation of dark-matter particles that have not yet been discovered. On Earth, the only way to produce and study antinuclei with high precision is to create them at high-energy particle accelerators. Although the properties of elementary antiparticles have been studied in detail, the knowledge of the interaction of light antinuclei with matter is limited. We determine the disappearance probability of <jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$${}^{3}\overline{{{{\rm{He}}}}}$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<mml:mrow>
<mml:msup>
<mml:mrow />
<mml:mrow>
<mml:mn>3</mml:mn>
</mml:mrow>
</mml:msup>
<mml:mover>
<mml:mrow>
<mml:mi>He</mml:mi>
</mml:mrow>
<mml:mo>¯</mml:mo>
</mml:mover>
</mml:mrow>
</mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> when it encounters matter particles and annihilates or disintegrates within the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. We extract the inelastic interaction cross section, which is then used as an input to the calculations of the transparency of our Galaxy to the propagation of <jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$${}^{3}\overline{{{{\rm{He}}}}}$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<mml:mrow>
<mml:msup>
<mml:mrow />
<mml:mrow>
<mml:mn>3</mml:mn>
</mml:mrow>
</mml:msup>
<mml:mover>
<mml:mrow>
<mml:mi>He</mml:mi>
</mml:mrow>
<mml:mo>¯</mml:mo>
</mml:mover>
</mml:mrow>
</mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> stemming from dark-matter annihilation and cosmic-ray interactions within the interstellar medium. For a specific dark-matter profile, we estimate a transparency of about 50%, whereas it varies with increasing <jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$${}^{3}\overline{{{{\rm{He}}}}}$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<mml:mrow>
<mml:msup>
<mml:mrow />
<mml:mrow>
<mml:mn>3</mml:mn>
</mml:mrow>
</mml:msup>
<mml:mover>
<mml:mrow>
<mml:mi>He</mml:mi>
</mml:mrow>
<mml:mo>¯</mml:mo>
</mml:mover>
</mml:mrow>
</mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> momentum from 25% to 90% for cosmic-ray sources. The results indicate that <jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$${}^{3}\overline{{{{\rm{He}}}}}$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<mml:mrow>
<mml:msup>
<mml:mrow />
<mml:mrow>
<mml:mn>3</mml:mn>
</mml:mrow>
</mml:msup>
<mml:mover>
<mml:mrow>
<mml:mi>He</mml:mi>
</mml:mrow>
<mml:mo>¯</mml:mo>
</mml:mover>
</mml:mrow>
</mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> nuclei can travel long distances in the Galaxy, and can be used to study cosmic-ray interactions and dark-matter annihilation.</jats:p>
Dimensions
Dimensions
