Rejuvenation of giant electrostrain in doped barium titanate single crystals

Patterson, EA, Finkel, P, Cain, MG ORCID: 0000-0002-8413-3104, Thompson, P ORCID: 0000-0002-9697-6141, Lucas, C ORCID: 0000-0001-5743-3868 and Staruch, M (2023) Rejuvenation of giant electrostrain in doped barium titanate single crystals. APL MATERIALS, 11 (4). 041109-.

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0142103

Abstract

<jats:p>Engineering materials through the introduction of point defects has resulted in significant advances in semiconductor processing and, more recently, the observation of novel phenomena such as large reconfigurable strains in ferroelectrics as a result of defect dipole complexes. Up to 0.8% strain has been demonstrated in BaTiO3 crystals dilutely doped with iron. However, the defect dipole pinning sites and the corresponding achievable strains are found to degrade as the crystal is electrically cycled as part of the measurement process. The strain degradation rate is dependent on the applied field values but shows an exponential change in materials properties regardless of the electric field. This behavior, plus a change in impedance with number of times cycled, suggests these changes are due to electric field induced oxygen migration—similar to the cause of the resistance degradation effect. Despite this, effective piezoelectric coefficients of over 4700 pm/V were recorded with 1.5 kV/cm fields, one of the largest values for a lead-free piezoelectric material thus far. In addition, the defect dipole-aligned state and the high strains can be repeatably recovered by a subsequent heat treatment step after cycling. Potential paths to exploiting the defect dipole induced effects and large piezoelectric coefficient in these dilutely doped systems are proposed.</jats:p>

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Engineering > School of Physical Sciences
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	05 May 2023 09:06
Last Modified:	14 Mar 2024 21:39
DOI:	10.1063/5.0142103
Open Access URL:	https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0142103
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3170214