Frequency spectrum of radiation transfer in high voltage circuit breaker arcs for polymer nozzle ablation in C₄F₇N and CO₂ gas mixture

Zhou, Mingyu, Xu, Ruoyu, Esmaeili, S ORCID: 0000-0003-3828-6238, Ding, Yi, Lei, Zonghan and Yan, JD ORCID: 0000-0002-3732-2623 (2023) Frequency spectrum of radiation transfer in high voltage circuit breaker arcs for polymer nozzle ablation in C₄F₇N and CO₂ gas mixture. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 56 (31). p. 315501.

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Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Arc radiation-induced polymer nozzle ablation plays a crucial role in the operation of self-blast circuit breakers. Up to now, there is no study specifically on the spectral distribution of radiated power from a switching arc towards the nozzle surface and its implication to nozzle ablation. Three-dimensional radiation transfer calculation has been performed in this study for arcs burning in the mixture of <jats:inline-formula> <jats:tex-math><?CDATA ${{\text{C}}_4}{{\text{F}}_7}{\text{N}} + {\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_2} + {\text{PTFE}}$?></jats:tex-math> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>C</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>F</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>7</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>N</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>C</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>O</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>PTFE</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="dacd128ieqn1.gif" xlink:type="simple" /> </jats:inline-formula>, a gaseous environment that is under significant focus in the development of SF<jats:sub>6</jats:sub> free switching technology to aim net-zero by the middle of this century. Results show that photons from infrared to extreme ultraviolet (UV, up to 5 × 10<jats:sup>15</jats:sup> Hz) are emitted from the core of high current arcs. However, the high-frequency photons are mostly absorbed within the arc column, especially at the arc edge, and only photons up to <jats:inline-formula> <jats:tex-math><?CDATA $1.7 \times {10^{15}}{\text{ Hz}}$?></jats:tex-math> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mn>1.7</mml:mn> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>15</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext> Hz</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="dacd128ieqn2.gif" xlink:type="simple" /> </jats:inline-formula> (far UV, 7 eV) can penetrate the arc edge and cold gas and reach the nozzle surface. The spectral distribution of the radiative energy at different instantaneous currents (15 kA, 28 kA and 60 kA peak) and different locations of the nozzle is presented and compared in detail. The location of the radiation absorption zone at the arc edge and the radiative power reaching the nozzle wall as a function of the instantaneous current is, in particular, purposely considered.</jats:p>

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	radiation transfer, arc, frequency spectrum, PTFE ablation, C4F7N + CO2, high voltage circuit breaker, radiation flux divergence
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Engineering > School of Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Computer Science
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	17 May 2023 08:08
Last Modified:	22 Jun 2023 20:47
DOI:	10.1088/1361-6463/acd128
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3170405