The evolution of intramitochondriality in Midichloria bacteria.


Floriano, Anna Maria, Batisti Biffignandi, Gherard, Castelli, Michele, Olivieri, Emanuela, Clementi, Emanuela, Comandatore, Francesco, Rinaldi, Laura, Opara, Maxwell, Plantard, Olivier, Palomar, Ana M et al (show 8 more authors) (2023) The evolution of intramitochondriality in Midichloria bacteria. Environmental microbiology, 25 (11). pp. 2102-2117.

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Abstract

Midichloria spp. are intracellular bacterial symbionts of ticks. Representatives of this genus colonise mitochondria in the cells of their hosts. To shed light on this unique interaction we evaluated the presence of an intramitochondrial localization for three Midichloria in the respective tick host species and generated eight high-quality draft genomes and one closed genome, showing that this trait is non-monophyletic, either due to losses or multiple acquisitions. Comparative genomics supports the first hypothesis, as the genomes of non-mitochondrial symbionts are reduced subsets of those capable of colonising the organelles. We detect genomic signatures of mitochondrial tropism, including the differential presence of type IV secretion system and flagellum, which could allow the secretion of unique effectors and/or direct interaction with mitochondria. Other genes, including adhesion molecules, proteins involved in actin polymerisation, cell wall and outer membrane proteins, are only present in mitochondrial symbionts. The bacteria could use these to manipulate host structures, including mitochondrial membranes, to fuse with the organelles or manipulate the mitochondrial network.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Mitochondria, Animals, Ixodes, Bacteria, Phylogeny, Symbiosis
Divisions: Faculty of Health and Life Sciences
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 10 Jul 2023 14:17
Last Modified: 22 Dec 2023 09:19
DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16446
Related URLs:
URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3171572
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