No Appreciable Effect of Education on Aging-Associated Declines in Cognition: A 20-Year Follow-Up Study


Sala, Giovanni ORCID: 0000-0002-1589-3759, Nishita, Yukiko, Tange, Chikako, Tomida, Makiko, Gondo, Yasuyuki, Shimokata, Hiroshi and Otsuka, Rei (2023) No Appreciable Effect of Education on Aging-Associated Declines in Cognition: A 20-Year Follow-Up Study. PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE, 34 (5). pp. 527-536.

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Abstract

Education has been claimed to reduce aging-associated declines in cognitive function. Given its societal relevance, considerable resources have been devoted to this research. However, because of the difficulty of detecting modest rates of change, findings have been mixed. These discrepancies may stem from methodological shortcomings such as short time spans, few waves, and small samples. The present study overcame these limitations (<i>N</i> = 1,892, nine waves over a period of 20 years). We tested the effect of education level on baseline performance (intercept) and the rate of change (slope) in crystallized and fluid cognitive abilities (<i>gc</i> and <i>gf</i>, respectively) in a sample of Japanese adults. Albeit positively related to both intercepts, education had no impact on either the <i>gc</i> or the <i>gf</i> slope. Furthermore, neither intercept exhibited any appreciable correlation with either slope. These results thus suggest that education has no substantial role (direct or mediated) in aging-related changes in cognition.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: aging, cognitive ability, education, latent growth curve modeling
Divisions: Faculty of Health and Life Sciences
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Population Health
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 12 Sep 2023 07:41
Last Modified: 12 Sep 2023 07:41
DOI: 10.1177/09567976231156793
Related URLs:
URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3172672
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