Scaling-up of carbon dots hydrothermal synthesis from sugars in a continuous flow microreactor system for biomedical application as in vitro antimicrobial drug nanocarrier.

Supajaruwong, Siriboon, Porahong, Sirawich, Wibowo, Agung, Yu, Yu-Sheng, Khan, Mohd Jahir, Pongchaikul, Pisut ORCID: 0000-0001-8757-3554, Posoknistakul, Pattaraporn, Laosiripojana, Navadol, Wu, Kevin C-W and Sakdaronnarong, Chularat (2023) Scaling-up of carbon dots hydrothermal synthesis from sugars in a continuous flow microreactor system for biomedical application as in vitro antimicrobial drug nanocarrier. Science and technology of advanced materials, 24 (1). p. 2260298.

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14686996.2023.2260298

Abstract

Carbon dots (CDs) are a new class of nanomaterials exhibiting high biocompatibility, water solubility, functionality, and tunable fluorescence (FL) property. Due to the limitations of batch hydrothermal synthesis in terms of low CDs yield and long synthesis duration, this work aimed to increase its production capacity through a continuous flow reactor system. The influence of temperature and time was first studied in a batch reactor for glucose, xylose, sucrose and table sugar precursors. CDs synthesized from sucrose precursor exhibited the highest quantum yield (QY) (175.48%) and the average diameter less than 10 nm (~6.8 ± 1.1 nm) when synthesized at 220°C for 9 h. For a flow reactor system, the best condition for CDs production from sucrose was 1 mL min-1 flow rate at 280°C, and 0.2 MPa pressure yielding 53.03% QY and ~ 6.5 ± 0.6 nm average diameter (6.6 mg min-1 of CDs productivity). CDs were successfully used as ciprofloxacin (CP) nanocarrier for antimicrobial activity study. The cytotoxicity study showed that no effect of CDs on viability of L-929 fibroblast cells was detected until 1000 µg mL-1 CDs concentration. This finding demonstrates that CDs synthesized via a flow reactor system have a high zeta potential and suitable surface properties for nano-theranostic applications.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Carbon dots, L-929 cell cytotoxicity, antibacterial activity, continuous hydrothermal method, drug nanocarrier, health and well-being
Divisions:	Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	28 Feb 2024 10:34
Last Modified:	28 Feb 2024 10:35
DOI:	10.1080/14686996.2023.2260298
Open Access URL:	https://doi.org/10.1080/14686996.2023.2260298
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3178948