Zhang, Shu, Sala, Giovanni 
ORCID: 0000-0002-1589-3759, Nakamura, Akinori, Kato, Takashi, Furuya, Kanae, Shimokata, Hiroshi, Gao, Xiang, Nishita, Yukiko and Otsuka, Rei
(2024)
Associations of dietary patterns and longitudinal brain-volume change in Japanese community-dwelling adults: results from the national institute for longevity sciences-longitudinal study of aging.
Nutrition journal, 23 (1).
34-.
Abstract
<h4>Background</h4>The association of dietary patterns and longitudinal changes in brain volume has rarely been investigated in Japanese individuals. We prospectively investigated this association in middle-aged and older Japanese community-dwelling adults.<h4>Methods</h4>Data with a 2-year follow-up from the sixth wave (July 2008 to July 2010; baseline) to the seventh (July 2010 to July 2012; follow-up) of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging project were analyzed. Dietary intake was assessed using a 3-day dietary record, and longitudinal volume changes (%) in the total gray matter (TGM), total white matter, and frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, and insular lobes were assessed using 3-dimensional T1 magnetic resonance imaging scans. Multiple factor analysis and hierarchical clustering revealed sex-specific dietary patterns. Associations between dietary patterns and annual brain-volume changes (%) were evaluated using general linear models adjusted for age, apoprotein E genotype, body mass index, medical history, lifestyle behaviors, socioeconomic factors, and energy intake.<h4>Results</h4>Among the 1636 participants (age: 40.3-89.2 years), three dietary patterns were determined for men (n = 815; Western; Vegetable-Fruit-Dairy; and Traditional Japanese diets) and women (n = 821; Western; Grain-Vegetable-Fruit; and Traditional Japanese diets). Compared to women following the Western diet, those on the Traditional Japanese diet had less TGM atrophy. Multivariable-adjusted β (95% confidence interval) of the annual change (%) of TGM was - 0.145 (-0.287 to -0.002; P = 0.047), which correlated with reduced parietal lobe atrophy. No association between dietary pattern and brain atrophy was observed in men.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Adherence to healthy dietary patterns, with higher consumption of whole grains, seafood, vegetables, fruits, mushrooms, soybean products, and green tea, potentially confers a protective effect against brain atrophy in middle-aged and older Japanese women but not in men. Further research to confirm these results and ascertain the underlying mechanisms is required. This study highlights the importance of sex-specific effects on the relationship between dietary patterns and brain health in diverse populations.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Brain, Humans, Vegetables, Atrophy, Diet, Longitudinal Studies, Aging, Longevity, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Japan, Female, Male, Independent Living, Dietary Patterns |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Population Health |
| Depositing User: | Symplectic Admin |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Mar 2024 15:03 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Mar 2024 15:03 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s12937-024-00935-3 |
| Open Access URL: | https://nutritionj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1... |
| Related URLs: | |
| URI: | https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3179639 |
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