Allen, David J, Trainor, Eamonn, Callaghan, Anna, O'Brien, Sarah J 
ORCID: 0000-0003-2896-8999, Cunliffe, Nigel A ORCID: 0000-0002-5449-4988 and Iturriza-Gomara, Miren ORCID: 0000-0001-5816-6423
(2016)
Early Detection of Epidemic GII-4 Norovirus Strains in UK and Malawi: Role of Surveillance of Sporadic Acute Gastroenteritis in Anticipating Global Epidemics.
PLOS ONE, 11 (4).
e0146972-.
This is the latest version of this item.
![[img]](https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text
Early Detection of Epidemic GII-4 Norovirus Strains in UK and Malawi: Role of Surveillance of Sporadic Acute Gastroenteritis in Anticipating Global Epidemics.pdf - Published version Download (1MB) |
![[img]](https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/style/images/fileicons/application_atom+xml.png) |
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-12T11:30:29Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-12T12:26:41Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-12T13:25:53Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-12T14:25:58Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-12T15:26:02Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-12T16:26:40Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-12T17:25:53Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-12T18:26:53Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-12T19:26:21Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-12T20:26:43Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-12T21:26:57Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-12T22:27:58Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-12T23:33:38Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-13T01:28:38Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-13T02:27:39Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-13T03:27:53Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-13T04:51:14Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-13T05:27:48Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-13T06:26:50Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-13T07:27:08Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-13T08:27:38Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
|
Atom XML (admin)
2017-05-13T09:26:49Z.atom - Unspecified Download (0B) |
Abstract
Noroviruses are endemic in the human population, and are recognised as a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Although they are a highly diverse group of viruses, genogroup-II genotype-4 (GII-4) noroviruses are the most frequently identified strains worldwide. The predominance of GII-4 norovirus strains is driven by the periodic emergence of antigenic variants capable of evading herd protection. The global molecular epidemiology of emerging GII-4 strains is largely based on data from outbreak surveillance programmes, but the epidemiology of GII-4 strains among sporadic or community cases is far less well studied. To understand the distribution of GII-4 norovirus strains associated with gastroenteritis in the wider population, we characterised the GII-4 norovirus strains detected during studies of sporadic cases of infectious gastroenteritis collected in the UK and Malawi between 1993 and 2009. Our data shows that GII-4 norovirus strains that have emerged as strains of global epidemic importance have circulated in the community up to 18 years before their recognition as pandemic strains associated with increases in outbreaks. These data may suggest that more comprehensive surveillance programmes that incorporate strains associated with sporadic cases may provide a way for early detection of emerging strains with pandemic potential. This may be of particular relevance as vaccines become available.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Humans, Norovirus, Caliciviridae Infections, Gastroenteritis, Capsid Proteins, Retrospective Studies, Sequence Alignment, Phylogeny, Genotype, Child, Preschool, Infant, Malawi, Genetic Variation, Molecular Epidemiology, Epidemics, Epidemiological Monitoring, United Kingdom |
| Depositing User: | Symplectic Admin |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Jul 2016 09:27 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Jan 2023 07:36 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0146972 |
| Related URLs: | |
| URI: | https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3001491 |
Available Versions of this Item
-
Early Detection of Epidemic GII-4 Norovirus Strains in UK and Malawi: Role of Surveillance of Sporadic Acute Gastroenteritis in Anticipating Global Epidemics. (deposited 02 Jun 2016 13:51)
- Early Detection of Epidemic GII-4 Norovirus Strains in UK and Malawi: Role of Surveillance of Sporadic Acute Gastroenteritis in Anticipating Global Epidemics. (deposited 07 Jul 2016 09:27) [Currently Displayed]
Dimensions
Dimensions
