A critical role of T follicular helper cells in human mucosal anti-influenza response that can be enhanced by immunological adjuvant CpG-DNA.



Aljurayyan, AN, Sharma, R, Upile, N, Beer, H, Vaughan, C, Xie, C, Achar, P, Ahmed, MS, McNamara, PS, Gordon, SB
et al (show 1 more authors) (2016) A critical role of T follicular helper cells in human mucosal anti-influenza response that can be enhanced by immunological adjuvant CpG-DNA. Antiviral Res, 132. 122 - 130. ISSN 1872-9096

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Abstract

T Follicular helper cells (TFH) are considered critical for B cell antibody response, and recent efforts have focused on promoting TFH in order to enhance vaccine efficacy. We studied the frequency and function of TFH in nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissues (NALT) from children and adults, and its role in anti-influenza antibody response following stimulation by a live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) or an inactivated seasonal virus antigen (sH1N1). We further studied whether CpG-DNA promotes TFH and by which enhances anti-influenza response. We showed NALT from children aged 1.5-10 years contained abundant TFH, suggesting efficient priming of TFH during early childhood. Stimulation by LAIV induced a marked increase in TFH that correlated with a strong production of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgA/IgG/IgM antibodies in tonsillar cells. Stimulation by the inactivated sH1N1 antigen induced a small increase in TFH which was markedly enhanced by CpG-DNA, accompanied by enhanced anti-HA antibody responses. In B cell co-culture experiment, anti-HA responses were only seen in the presence of TFH, and addition of plasmacytoid dendritic cell to TFH-B cell co-culture enhanced the TFH-mediated antibody production following CpG-DNA and sH1N1 antigen stimulation. Induction of TFH differentiation from naïve T cells was also shown following the stimulation. Our results support a critical role of TFH in human mucosal anti-influenza antibody response. Use of an adjuvant such as CpG-DNA that has the capacity to promote TFH by which to enhance antigen-induced antibody responses in NALT tissue may have important implications for future vaccination strategies against respiratory pathogens.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Anti-hemagglutinin (HA) antibody response, Children and adults, CpG-DNA, Influenza vaccine, Influenza virus, Nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissues (NALT), T follicular helper cell (T(FH))
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 12 Jul 2016 09:43
Last Modified: 19 Jan 2023 07:36
DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.05.021
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URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3001537

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