Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and their clinical significance

Suwanchote, Supaporn, Rachayon, Muanpetch, Rodsaward, Pongsawat, Wongpiyabovorn, Jongkonnee, Deekajorndech, Tawatchai, Wright, Helen L ORCID: 0000-0003-0442-3134, Edwards, Steven W ORCID: 0000-0002-7074-0552, Beresford, Michael W ORCID: 0000-0002-5400-9911, Rerknimitr, Pawinee and Chiewchengchol, Direkrit ORCID: 0000-0003-1824-7012 (2018) Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and their clinical significance. CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY, 37 (4). pp. 875-884.

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10067-018-4062-x

Abstract

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are a group of autoantibodies that cause systemic vascular inflammation by binding to target antigens of neutrophils. These autoantibodies can be found in serum from patients with systemic small-vessel vasculitis and they are considered as a biomarker for ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). A conventional screening test to detect ANCA in the serum is indirect immunofluorescence study, and subsequently confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A positive staining of ANCA can be classified into three main categories based on the staining patterns: cytoplasmic, perinuclear, and atypical. Patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) mostly have a positive cytoplasmic staining pattern (c-ANCA) whilst a perinuclear pattern (p-ANCA) is more common in microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) patients. Atypical pattern (a-ANCA) is rarely seen in patients with systemic small-vessel vasculitis but it can be found in other conditions. Here, techniques for ANCA detection, ANCA staining patterns and their clinical significances are reviewed.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ANCA, ANCA-associated vasculitis, ANCA staining pattern
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	02 Mar 2018 09:07
Last Modified:	19 Jan 2023 06:38
DOI:	10.1007/s10067-018-4062-x
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3018529