DAMP Signaling is a Key Pathway Inducing Immune Modulation after Brain Injury


Liesz, Arthur, Dalpke, Alexander, Mracsko, Eva, Antoine, Daniel J, Roth, Stefan, Zhou, Wei, Yang, Huan, Na, Shin-Young, Akhisaroglu, Mustafa, Fleming, Thomas et al (show 4 more authors) (2015) DAMP Signaling is a Key Pathway Inducing Immune Modulation after Brain Injury. JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, 35 (2). pp. 583-598.

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Abstract

Acute brain lesions induce profound alterations of the peripheral immune response comprising the opposing phenomena of early immune activation and subsequent immunosuppression. The mechanisms underlying this brain-immune signaling are largely unknown. We used animal models for experimental brain ischemia as a paradigm of acute brain lesions and additionally investigated a large cohort of stroke patients. We analyzed release of HMGB1 isoforms by mass spectrometry and investigated its inflammatory potency and signaling pathways by immunological in vivo and in vitro techniques. Features of the complex behavioral sickness behavior syndrome were characterized by homecage behavior analysis. HMGB1 downstream signaling, particularly with RAGE, was studied in various transgenic animal models and by pharmacological blockade. Our results indicate that the cytokine-inducing, fully reduced isoform of HMGB1 was released from the ischemic brain in the hyperacute phase of stroke in mice and patients. Cytokines secreted in the periphery in response to brain injury induced sickness behavior, which could be abrogated by inhibition of the HMGB1-RAGE pathway or direct cytokine neutralization. Subsequently, HMGB1-release induced bone marrow egress and splenic proliferation of bone marrow-derived suppressor cells, inhibiting the adaptive immune responses in vivo and vitro. Furthermore, HMGB1-RAGE signaling resulted in functional exhaustion of mature monocytes and lymphopenia, the hallmarks of immune suppression after extensive ischemia. This study introduces the HMGB1-RAGE-mediated pathway as a key mechanism explaining the complex postischemic brain-immune interactions.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: alarmins, HMGB1, immunomodulation, myeloid-derived suppressor cell, RAGE, stroke
Subjects: ?? R1 ??
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 19 Feb 2015 09:42
Last Modified: 15 Dec 2022 12:41
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2439-14.2015
Related URLs:
URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/2007245
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