Reduced hair cortisol after maltreatment mediates externalizing symptoms in middle childhood and adolescence



White, Lars O, Ising, Marcus, von Klitzing, Kai, Sierau, Susan, Michel, Andrea, Klein, Annette M, Andreas, Anna, Keil, Jan, Quintero, Leonhard, Mueller-Myhsok, Bertram ORCID: 0000-0002-0719-101X
et al (show 6 more authors) (2017) Reduced hair cortisol after maltreatment mediates externalizing symptoms in middle childhood and adolescence. JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY, 58 (9). pp. 998-1007.

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Abstract

<h4>Background</h4>The enduring impact of childhood maltreatment on biological systems and ensuing psychopathology remains incompletely understood. Long-term effects of stress may be reflected in cumulative cortisol secretion over several months, which is now quantifiable via hair cortisol concentrations (HCC). We conducted a first comprehensive investigation utilizing the potential of hair cortisol analysis in a large sample of maltreated and nonmaltreated children and adolescents.<h4>Method</h4>Participants included 537 children and adolescents (3-16 years; 272 females) with maltreatment (n = 245) or without maltreatment histories (n = 292). Maltreated subjects were recruited from child protection services (CPS; n = 95), youth psychiatric services (n = 56), and the community (n = 94). Maltreatment was coded using the Maltreatment Classification System drawing on caregiver interviews and complemented with CPS records. Caregivers and teachers reported on child mental health. HCC were assessed in the first 3 cm hair segment.<h4>Results</h4>Analyses uniformly supported that maltreatment coincides with a gradual and dose-dependent reduction in HCC from 9 to 10 years onwards relative to nonmaltreated controls. This pattern emerged consistently from both group comparisons between maltreated and nonmaltreated subjects (27.6% HCC reduction in maltreated 9-16-year-olds) and dimensional analyses within maltreated subjects, with lower HCC related to greater maltreatment chronicity and number of subtypes. Moreover, both group comparisons and dimensional analyses within maltreated youth revealed that relative HCC reduction mediates the effect of maltreatment on externalizing symptoms.<h4>Conclusions</h4>From middle childhood onwards, maltreatment coincides with a relative reduction in cortisol secretion, which, in turn, may predispose to externalizing symptoms.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Hair cortisol, maltreatment, neglect, externalizing symptoms
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 02 May 2017 06:23
Last Modified: 19 Jan 2023 07:05
DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12700
Related URLs:
URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3007192