Corneal Biomechanics in Ectatic Diseases: Refractive Surgery Implications.

Ambrósio, Renato, Correia, Fernando Faria, Lopes, Bernardo, Salomão, Marcella Q, Luz, Allan, Dawson, Daniel G, Elsheikh, Ahmed ORCID: 0000-0001-7456-1749, Vinciguerra, Riccardo, Vinciguerra, Paolo and Roberts, Cynthia J (2017) Corneal Biomechanics in Ectatic Diseases: Refractive Surgery Implications. The open ophthalmology journal, 11 (1). pp. 176-193.

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Abstract

<h4>Background</h4>Ectasia development occurs due to a chronic corneal biomechanical decompensation or weakness, resulting in stromal thinning and corneal protrusion. This leads to corneal steepening, increase in astigmatism, and irregularity. In corneal refractive surgery, the detection of mild forms of ectasia pre-operatively is essential to avoid post-operative progressive ectasia, which also depends on the impact of the procedure on the cornea.<h4>Method</h4>The advent of 3D tomography is proven as a significant advancement to further characterize corneal shape beyond front surface topography, which is still relevant. While screening tests for ectasia had been limited to corneal shape (geometry) assessment, clinical biomechanical assessment has been possible since the introduction of the Ocular Response Analyzer (Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments, Buffalo, USA) in 2005 and the Corvis ST (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) in 2010. Direct clinical biomechanical evaluation is recognized as paramount, especially in detection of mild ectatic cases and characterization of the susceptibility for ectasia progression for any cornea.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The purpose of this review is to describe the current state of clinical evaluation of corneal biomechanics, focusing on the most recent advances of commercially available instruments and also on future developments, such as Brillouin microscopy.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision, Bioengineering, 2 Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Eye
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	09 Oct 2017 08:09
Last Modified:	12 Apr 2024 00:59
DOI:	10.2174/1874364101711010176
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3009833