The Interleukin-1 Balance During Encephalitis Is Associated With Clinical Severity, Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability, Neuroimaging Changes, and Disease Outcome



Michael, Benedict Daniel ORCID: 0000-0002-8693-8926, Griffiths, Michael J, Granerod, Julia, Brown, David, Keir, Geoff, Wnek, Gosia, Cox, Daniel J, Vidyasagar, Rishma, Borrow, Ray, Parkes, Laura M
et al (show 1 more authors) (2016) The Interleukin-1 Balance During Encephalitis Is Associated With Clinical Severity, Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability, Neuroimaging Changes, and Disease Outcome. JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 213 (10). pp. 1651-1660.

[img] Text
MichaelBDManuscript2015.Minor Revision.Clean.docx - Author Accepted Manuscript

Download (126kB)

Abstract

Background. Encephalitis is parenchymal brain inflammation, commonly due to herpes simplex virus (HSV). Key host inflammatory mediators and their relationship to blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, neuroimaging changes, and disease outcome are poorly understood. Methods. We measured levels of 38 mediators in serum (n = 78) and cerebrospinal fluid (n = 37) specimens from patients with encephalitis, including 17 with disease due to HSV infection. Outcome measures were Glasgow coma and outcome scores; CSF to serum albumin ratio, reflecting BBB permeability; and, in patients with HSV infection, magnetic resonance imaging–based temporal lobe volume. Results. Serum interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) levels were elevated in patients with a good outcome (P = .004). Among patients infected with HSV, the ratio of CSF IL-1β to IL-1RA was associated with a worse outcome (P = .009); a ratio of ≥0.55 pg/mL had high specificity and sensitivity for a poor outcome (100% and 83%; P = .015). Temporal lobe volume had a negative correlation with serum IL-1RA level (P = .012) and a positive correlation with serum IL-1α level (P = .0003) and CSF IL-1β level (P = .007). A normal coma score was associated with an elevated interleukin 10 (IL-10) level in serum specimens from HSV-infected patients (P = .007) and CSF specimens from all patients (P = .016); the IL-10 level correlated inversely with BBB permeability (P = .005). Conclusions. A proinflammatory cytokine response is associated with greater clinical severity, BBB permeability, and neuroimaging damage during encephalitis. IL-1 antagonists should be investigated as adjunctive treatment in encephalitis.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: encephalitis, cytokine, chemokine, herpes simplex, blood-brain barrier
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 05 Mar 2018 09:41
Last Modified: 19 Jan 2023 06:39
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv771
Related URLs:
URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3018264