HIV-Associated <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Bloodstream Infection Is Underdiagnosed by Single Blood Culture

Barr, David A ORCID: 0000-0002-2922-9381, Kerkhoff, Andrew D, Schutz, Charlotte, Ward, Amy M, Davies, Gerry R ORCID: 0000-0002-3819-490X, Wilkinson, Robert J and Meintjes, Graeme (2018) HIV-Associated <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Bloodstream Infection Is Underdiagnosed by Single Blood Culture. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, 56 (5). e01914-e01917.

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Abstract

We assessed the additional diagnostic yield for Mycobacterium tuberculosis bloodstream infection (BSI) by doing more than one tuberculosis (TB) blood culture from HIV-infected inpatients. In a retrospective analysis of two cohorts based in Cape Town, South Africa, 72/99 (73%) patients with M. tuberculosis BSI were identified by the first of two blood cultures during the same admission, with 27/99 (27%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 18 to 36%) testing negative on the first culture but positive on the second. In a prospective evaluation of up to 6 blood cultures over 24 h, 9 of 14 (65%) patients with M. tuberculosis BSI had M. tuberculosis grow on their first blood culture; 3 more patients (21%) were identified by a second independent blood culture at the same time point, and the remaining 2 were diagnosed only on the 4th and 6th blood cultures. Additional blood cultures increase the yield for M. tuberculosis BSI, similar to what is reported for nonmycobacterial BSI.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Mycobacterium tuberculosis, blood culture, human immunodeficiency virus
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	26 Feb 2018 09:10
Last Modified:	13 Oct 2023 18:11
DOI:	10.1128/JCM.01914-17
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3018403