Influence of Nonpolio Enteroviruses and the Bacterial Gut Microbiota on Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Response: A Study from South India


Praharaj, Ira, Parker, Edward PK, Giri, Sidhartha, Allen, David J, Silas, Sophia, Revathi, R, Kaliappan, Saravanakumar Puthupalayam, John, Jacob, Prasad, Jasmine Helan, Kampmann, Beate et al (show 3 more authors) (2019) Influence of Nonpolio Enteroviruses and the Bacterial Gut Microbiota on Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Response: A Study from South India. JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 219 (8). pp. 1178-1186.

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Abstract

<h4>Background</h4>Oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) is less immunogenic in low- or middle-income than in high-income countries. We tested whether bacterial and viral components of the intestinal microbiota are associated with this phenomenon.<h4>Methods</h4>We assessed the prevalence of enteropathogens using TaqMan array cards 14 days before and at vaccination in 704 Indian infants (aged 6-11 months) receiving monovalent type 3 OPV (CTRI/2014/05/004588). Nonpolio enterovirus (NPEV) serotypes were identified by means of VP1 sequencing. In 120 infants, the prevaccination bacterial microbiota was characterized using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing.<h4>Results</h4>We detected 56 NPEV serotypes on the day of vaccination. Concurrent NPEVs were associated with a reduction in OPV seroconversion, consistent across species (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 0.57 [.36-.90], 0.61 [.43-.86], and 0.69 [.41-1.16] for species A, B, and C, respectively). Recently acquired enterovirus infections, detected at vaccination but not 14 days earlier, had a greater interfering effect on monovalent type 3 OPV seroresponse than did persistent infections, with enterovirus detected at both time points (seroconversion in 44 of 127 infants [35%] vs 63 of 129 [49%]; P = .02). The abundance of specific bacterial taxa did not differ significantly according to OPV response, although the microbiota was more diverse in nonresponders at the time of vaccination.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Enteric viruses have a greater impact on OPV response than the bacterial microbiota, with recent enterovirus infections having a greater inhibitory effect than persistent infections.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Nonpolio enteroviruses, bacterial microbiota, 16S rRNA, OPV, next generation sequencing
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 28 Sep 2018 07:33
Last Modified: 19 Jan 2023 01:15
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy568
Related URLs:
URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3026849
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