Mwita, Julius Chacha, Francis, Joel M, Omech, Bernard, Botsile, Elizabeth, Oyewo, Aderonke, Mokgwathi, Matshidiso, Molefe-Baikai, Onkabetse Julia, Godman, Brian 
ORCID: 0000-0001-6539-6972 and Tshikuka, Jose-Gaby
(2019)
Glycaemic, blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol control among patients with diabetes mellitus in a specialised clinic in Botswana: a cross-sectional study.
BMJ OPEN, 9 (7).
e026807-.
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Abstract
<h4>Objective</h4>Control of glycaemic, hypertension and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is vital for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The current study was an audit of glycaemic, hypertension and LDL-C control among ambulant patients with T2DM in Botswana. Also, the study aimed at assessing factors associated with attaining optimal glycaemic, hypertension and LDL-C therapeutic goals.<h4>Design</h4>A cross-sectional study.<h4>Setting</h4>A specialised public diabetes clinic in Gaborone, Botswana.<h4>Participants</h4>Patients with T2DM who had attended the clinic for ≥3 months between August 2017 and February 2018.<h4>Primary outcome measure</h4>The proportion of patients with optimal glycaemic (HbA1c<7%), hypertension (blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg) and LDL-C (<1.8 mmol/L) control.<h4>Results</h4>The proportions of patients meeting optimal targets were 32.3% for glycaemic, 54.2% for hypertension and 20.4% for LDL-C. Age≥ 50 years was positively associated with optimal glycaemic control (adjusted OR [AOR] 5.79; 95% CI 1.08 to 31.14). On the other hand, an increase in diabetes duration was inversely associated with optimal glycemic control (AOR 0.91; 95% CI 0.85 to 0.98). Being on an ACE inhibitor was inversely associated with optimal hypertension control (AOR 0.35; 95% CI 0.14 to 0.85). Being female was inversely associated with optimal LDL-C control (AOR 0.24; 95% CI (0.09 - 0.59).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Patients with T2DM in Gaborone, Botswana, presented with suboptimal control of recommended glycaemic, hypertension and LDL-C targets. These findings call for urgent individual and health systems interventions to address key determinants of the recommended therapeutic targets among patients with diabetes in this setting.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Humans, Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Blood Pressure Determination, Prognosis, Incidence, Risk Factors, Retrospective Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Blood Pressure, Middle Aged, Botswana, Female, Male, Cholesterol, LDL, Biomarkers, Glycated Hemoglobin |
| Depositing User: | Symplectic Admin |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Aug 2019 10:39 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Feb 2023 02:47 |
| DOI: | 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026807 |
| Related URLs: | |
| URI: | https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3050992 |
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