Impact of Maternal HIV Infection and Placental Malaria on the Transplacental Transfer of Influenza Antibodies in Mother-Infant Pairs in Malawi, 2013-2014


Ho, Antonia ORCID: 0000-0003-1465-3785, Mapurisa, Gugulethu, Madanitsa, Mwayiwawo, Kalilani-Phiri, Linda, Kamiza, Steve, Makanani, B, Ter Kuile, Feiko O, Buys, Amelia, Treurnicht, Florette, Everett, Dean et al (show 4 more authors) (2019) Impact of Maternal HIV Infection and Placental Malaria on the Transplacental Transfer of Influenza Antibodies in Mother-Infant Pairs in Malawi, 2013-2014. OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 6 (10). ofz383-. ISSN 2328-8957, 2328-8957

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Abstract

<h4>Background</h4>Maternal influenza vaccination protects infants against influenza virus infection. Impaired transplacental transfer of influenza antibodies may reduce this protection.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a cross-sectional study of influenza vaccine-naïve pregnant women recruited at delivery from Blantyre (urban, low malaria transmission) and Chikwawa (rural, high malaria transmission) in Southern Malawi. HIV-infected mothers were excluded in Chikwawa. Maternal and cord blood antibodies against circulating influenza strains A/California/7/2009, A/Victoria/361/2011, B/Brisbane/60/2008, and B/Wisconsin/1/2010 were measured by hemagglutination inhibition (HAI). We studied the impact of maternal HIV infection and placental malaria on influenza antibody levels in mother-infant pairs in Blantyre and Chikwawa, respectively.<h4>Results</h4>We included 454 mother-infant pairs (Blantyre, n = 253; Chikwawa, n = 201). HIV-infected mothers and their infants had lower seropositivity (HAI titer ≥1:40) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (mothers, 24.3 vs 45.4%; <i>P</i> = .02; infants, 24.3 vs 50.5%; <i>P</i> = .003) and A(H3N2) (mothers, 37.8% vs 63.9%; <i>P</i> = .003; infants, 43.2 vs 64.8%; <i>P</i> = .01), whereas placental malaria had an inconsistent effect on maternal and infant seropositivity. In multivariable analyses, maternal HIV infection was associated with reduced infant seropositivity (A(H1N1)pdm09: adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.15-0.79; A(H3N2): aOR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21-0.89). Transplacental transfer was not impaired by maternal HIV or placental malaria.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Maternal HIV infection influenced maternal antibody response to influenza A virus infection, and thereby antibody levels in newborns, but did not affect transplacental antibody transfer.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: influenza, HIV, malaria, antibodies, transplacental transfer
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 18 Nov 2019 09:38
Last Modified: 07 Dec 2024 18:36
DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz383
Related URLs:
URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3062011
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