Guided self-help to reduce psychological distress in South Sudanese female refugees in Uganda: a cluster randomised trial

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Tol, Wietse A, Leku, Marx R, Lakin, Daniel P, Carswell, Kenneth, Augustinavicius, Jura, Adaku, Alex, Au, Teresa M, Brown, Felicity L, Bryant, Richard A, Moreno, Claudia Garcia et al (show 4 more authors) , Musci, Rashelle J, Ventevogel, Peter, White, Ross G ORCID: 0000-0003-4026-6439 and van Ommeren, Mark (2020) Guided self-help to reduce psychological distress in South Sudanese female refugees in Uganda: a cluster randomised trial. The Lancet Global Health, 8 (2). E254-E263.

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Abstract

<h4>Background</h4>Innovative solutions are required to provide mental health support at scale in low-resource humanitarian contexts. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of a facilitator-guided, group-based, self-help intervention (Self-Help Plus) to reduce psychological distress in female refugees.<h4>Methods</h4>We did a cluster randomised trial in rural refugee settlements in northern Uganda. Participants were female South Sudanese refugees with at least moderate levels of psychological distress (cutoff ≥5 on the Kessler 6). The intervention comprised access to usual care and five 2-h audio-recorded stress-management workshops (20-30 refugees) led by briefly trained lay facilitators, accompanied by an illustrated self-help book. Villages were randomly assigned to either intervention (Self-Help Plus or enhanced usual care) on a 1:1 basis. Within 14 villages, randomly selected households were approached. Screening of women in households continued until 20-30 eligible participants were identified per site. The primary outcome was individual psychological distress, assessed using the Kessler 6 symptom checklist 1 week before, 1 week after, and 3 months after intervention, in the intention-to-treat population. All outcomes were measured at the individual (rather than cluster) level. Secondary outcomes included personally identified problems, post-traumatic stress, depression symptoms, feelings of anger, social interactions with other ethnic groups, functional impairment, and subjective wellbeing. Assessors were masked to allocation. This trial was prospectively registered at ISRCTN, number 50148022.<h4>Findings</h4>Of 694 eligible participants (331 Self-Help Plus, 363 enhanced usual care), 613 (88%) completed all assessments. Compared with controls, we found stronger improvements for Self-Help Plus on psychological distress 3 months post intervention (β -1·20, 95% CI -2·33 to -0·08; p=0·04; d -0·26). We also found larger improvements for Self-Help Plus 3 months post-intervention for five of eight secondary outcomes (effect size range -0·30 to -0·36). Refugees with different trauma exposure, length of time in settlements, and initial psychological distress benefited similarly. With regard to safety considerations, the independent data safety management board responded to six adverse events, and none were evaluated to be concerns in response to the intervention.<h4>Interpretation</h4>Self-Help Plus is an innovative, facilitator-guided, group-based self-help intervention that can be rapidly deployed to large numbers of participants, and resulted in meaningful reductions in psychological distress at 3 months among South Sudanese female refugees.<h4>Funding</h4>Research for Health in Humanitarian Crises (R2HC) Programme.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Source info: The Lancet Global Health, VOLUME 8, ISSUE 2, E254-E263, FEBRUARY 01, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30504-2
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Mental health; armed conflict; psychological distress; refugees; self-help; guided self-help
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	27 Jan 2020 08:41
Last Modified:	19 Jan 2023 00:08
DOI:	10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30504-2
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3071856

Available Versions of this Item

• Guided Self-Help to Reduce Psychological Distress in South Sudanese Female Refugees in Uganda: A Cluster Randomized Trial. (deposited 29 Jul 2019 09:29)
  • Guided Self-Help to Reduce Psychological Distress in South Sudanese Female Refugees in Uganda: A Cluster Randomized Trial. (deposited 13 Nov 2019 08:36)
    • Guided self-help to reduce psychological distress in South Sudanese female refugees in Uganda: a cluster randomised trial. (deposited 27 Jan 2020 08:41) [Currently Displayed]