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Blot, Stijn, Antonelli, Massimo, Arvaniti, Kostoula, Blot, Koen, Creagh-Brown, Ben, de Lange, Dylan, De Waele, Jan, Deschepper, Mieke, Dikmen, Yalim, Dimopoulos, George et al (show 532 more authors) , Eckmann, Christian, Francois, Guy, Girardis, Massimo, Koulenti, Despoina, Labeau, Sonia, Lipman, Jeffrey, Lipovestky, Fernando, Maseda, Emilio, Montravers, Philippe, Mikstacki, Adam, Paiva, Jose-Artur, Pereyra, Cecilia, Rello, Jordi, Timsit, Jean-Francois, Vogelaers, Dirk, Lamrous, Amin, Rezende-Neto, Joao, Cardenas, Yenny, Vymazal, Tomas, Fjeldsoee-Nielsen, Hans, Kott, Matthias, Kostoula, Arvaniti, Javeri, Yash, Einav, Sharon, Umezawa Makikado, Luis Daniel, Tomescu, Dana, Gritsan, Alexey, Jovanovic, Bojan, Venkatesan, Kumaresh, Mirkovic, Tomislav, Creagh-Brown, Benedict, Emmerich, Monica, Canale, Mariana, Silvina Dietz, Lorena, Ilutovich, Santiago, Sanchez Minope, John Thomas, Baldomera Silva, Ramona, Alexis Montenegro, Martin, Martin, Patricio, Saul, Pablo, Chediack, Viviana, Sutton, 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Silvio A, Garcia-Guillen, Francisco J, Martinez, Manuel, Romero-Meja, Erick, Colorado-Dominguez, Ever, van den Oever, Huub, Kalff, Karel Martijn, Vermeijden, Wytze, Cornet, Alexander Daniel, Beck, Oliver, Cimic, Nedim, Dormans, Tom, Bormans, Laura, Bakker, Jan, Van Duijn, Ditty, Bosman, Gerrit, Vos, Piet, Kesecioglu, Jozef, Haas, Lenneke, Henein, Akram, Miranda, Ariel M, Gianella Malca, Gonzalo Ernesto, Arroyo-Sanchez, Abel, Misiewska-Kaczur, Agnieszka, Akinyi, Frisch, Czuczwar, Miroslaw, Luczak, Karolina, Sulkowski, Wiktor, Tamowicz, Barbara, Swit, Beata, Baranowski, Bronislaw, Smuszkiewicz, Piotr, Trojanowska, Iwona, Rzymski, Stanislaw, Sawinski, Mariusz, Trosiak, Marta, Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz, Malgorzata, Alves, Ricardo, Leal, Dina, Krystopchuk, Andriy, Hilario Mendonca, Pedro Muguel, Pereira, Rui Antunes, Lopes Marques de Carvalho, Maria Raquel, Candeias, Carlos, Molinos, Elena, Ferreira, Amelia, Castro, Guiomar, Pereira, Jose-Manuel, Santos, Lurdes, Ferreira, Alcina, Pascoalinho, Dulce, Ribeiro, Rosa, Domingos, Guilherme, Gomes, Pedro, Nora, David, Costa, Rui Pedro, Santos, Anabela, Alsheikhly, Ahmed Subhy, Popescu, Mihai, Grigoras, Ioana, Patrascanu, Emilia, Zabolotskikh, Igor, Musaeva, Tatiana, Gaigolnik, Denis, Kulabukhov, Vladimir, Belskiy, Vladislav, NadezhdaZubareva, , Tribulev, Maxim, Abdelsalam, Ahmed, Aldarsani, Ayman, Al-Khalid, Muhammad, Almekhlafi, Ghaleb, Mandourah, Yasser, Doklestic, Krstina, Velickovic, Jelena, Velickovic, Dejan, Jankovic, Radmilo, Skoric-Jokic, Svetlana, Radovanovic, Dragana, Richards, Guy, Alli, Ahmad, Cordoba Nielfa, Maria del Carmen, Sanchez Iniesta, Rafael, Benitez-Cano Martinez, Adela, Garcia Bernedo, Carlos, Picos Gil, Santiago Alberto, Nuvials, Xavier, Gonzalez Garcia, Joseba, Garcia Pena, Jose Manuel, Jimenez, Roberto, Herrera, Luis, Galarza Barrachina, Laura, Catalan Monzon, Ignacio, Javier Redondo, Francisco, Villazala, Ruben, Matallana Zapata, Diego Fernando, Villa Lopez, Isabel Maria, Moreno-Gonzalez, Gabriel, Carlos Lopez-Delgado, Juan, Solera Marin, Jorge, Sanchez-Zamora, Purificacion, Vallverdu Vidal, Montserrat, Flores Gonzalez, Jesus, Salinas, Irene, Hermosa, Cecilia, Martinez-Sagasti, Fernando, Domingo-Marin, Sara, Abril Victorino, Johanna, Garcia-Alvarez, Raquel, Lopez-Arcas Calleja, Pablo, de la Torre-Prados, Maria-Victoria, Vidal-Cortes, Pablo, del Rio-Carbajo, Lorena, Izura, Javier, Minguez, Victoria, Trenado Alvarez, Josep, Parera Prous, Anna, Paz, Daniel, Roche-Campo, Ferran, Aguilar, Gerardo, Belda, Javier, Rico-Feijoo, Jesus, Aldecoa, Cesat, Zalba-Etayo, Begona, Lang, Martin, Dullenkopf, Alexander, Trongtrakul, Konlawij, Chtsomkasem, Anusang, Akbas, Turkay, Unal, Mustafa Necmettin, Ozcelik, Menekse, Gumus, Ayca, Ramazanoglu, Atilla, Memis, Dilek, Mehmet, Inal, Urkmez, Seval, Ozgultekin, Asu, Demirkiran, Oktay, Aslan, Nesrin Ahu, Kizilaslan, Deniz, Kahveci, Ferda, Unlu, Nurdan, Ozkan, Zeynep, Kaye, Callum, Jansen, Jan, O'Neill, Orla, Nutt, Christopher, Jha, Rajeev, Hooker, Nicolas, Grecu, Irina, Petridou, Christina, Shyamsundar, Murali, McNamee, Lia, Trinder, John, Hagan, Samantha, Kelly, Catriona, Silversides, Jonathon, Groba, Casiano Barrera, Boyd, Owen, Bhowmick, Kaushik, Humphreys, Sally, Summers, Charlotte, Polgarova, Petra, Margarson, Michael, Dickens, Justin, Pearson, Suzanne, Chinery, Elaine, Hemmings, Noel, O'Kane, Sinead, Austin, Pauline, Cole, Stephen, Plowright, Catherine, Box, Roberta, Wright, Christopher, Young, Lorna, Montague, Laura, Parker, Robert, Morton, Ben 
ORCID: 0000-0002-6164-2854, Ostermann, Marlies, Bilinska, Julia, Rose, Bernd Oliver, Reece-Anthony, Rosie, Ryan, Christine, Hamilton, Mark, Hopkins, Philip, Wendon, Julia, Brescia, Giovanni, Ijaz, Nazia, Wood, James, George, Michelle, Toth-Tarsoly, Piroska, Yates, Bryan, Armstrong, Maureen, Scott, Carmen, Boyd, Christine, Szakmany, Tamas, Rees, David, Pulak, Paul, Coggon, Mandy, Saha, Bhaskar, Kent, Linda, Gibson, Bethan, Camsooksai, Julie, Reschreiter, Henrik, Morgan, Pat, Sangaralingham, Sivatharshini, Lowe, Alastair, Vondras, Petr, Jamadarkhana, Sunil, Cruz, Carina, Bhandary, Rakesh, Hersey, Peter, Furneval, Julie, Innes, Richard, Doble, Patricia, Attwood, Ben, Parsons, Penny, Page, Valerie, Zhao, Xiaobei, Dalton, Julian, Hegazy, Mohammed, Awad, Yasser, Naylor, Douglas, Naylor, Amanda, Lee, Sarah, Brevard, Sidney and Davis, Noelle
(2019)
Epidemiology of intra-abdominal infection and sepsis in critically ill patients: "AbSeS", a multinational observational cohort study and ESICM Trials Group Project.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE, 45 (12).
pp. 1703-1717.
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Abstract
<h4>Purpose</h4>To describe the epidemiology of intra-abdominal infection in an international cohort of ICU patients according to a new system that classifies cases according to setting of infection acquisition (community-acquired, early onset hospital-acquired, and late-onset hospital-acquired), anatomical disruption (absent or present with localized or diffuse peritonitis), and severity of disease expression (infection, sepsis, and septic shock).<h4>Methods</h4>We performed a multicenter (n = 309), observational, epidemiological study including adult ICU patients diagnosed with intra-abdominal infection. Risk factors for mortality were assessed by logistic regression analysis.<h4>Results</h4>The cohort included 2621 patients. Setting of infection acquisition was community-acquired in 31.6%, early onset hospital-acquired in 25%, and late-onset hospital-acquired in 43.4% of patients. Overall prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was 26.3% and difficult-to-treat resistant Gram-negative bacteria 4.3%, with great variation according to geographic region. No difference in prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was observed according to setting of infection acquisition. Overall mortality was 29.1%. Independent risk factors for mortality included late-onset hospital-acquired infection, diffuse peritonitis, sepsis, septic shock, older age, malnutrition, liver failure, congestive heart failure, antimicrobial resistance (either methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Gram-negative bacteria, or carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria) and source control failure evidenced by either the need for surgical revision or persistent inflammation.<h4>Conclusion</h4>This multinational, heterogeneous cohort of ICU patients with intra-abdominal infection revealed that setting of infection acquisition, anatomical disruption, and severity of disease expression are disease-specific phenotypic characteristics associated with outcome, irrespective of the type of infection. Antimicrobial resistance is equally common in community-acquired as in hospital-acquired infection.
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