Immune predictors of oral poliovirus vaccine immunogenicity among infants in South India



Babji, Sudhir, Manickavasagam, Punithavathy, Chen, Yin-Huai, Jeyavelu, Nithya, Jose, Nisha Vincy, Praharaj, Ira, Syed, Chanduni, Kaliappan, Saravanakumar Puthupalayam, John, Jacob, Giri, Sidhartha
et al (show 7 more authors) (2020) Immune predictors of oral poliovirus vaccine immunogenicity among infants in South India. Vaccines, 5 (1). 27-.

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Abstract

Identification of the causes of poor oral vaccine immunogenicity in low-income countries might lead to more effective vaccines. We measured mucosal and systemic immune parameters at the time of vaccination with oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) in 292 Indian infants aged 6-11 months, including plasma cytokines, leukocyte counts, fecal biomarkers of environmental enteropathy and peripheral blood T-cell phenotype, focused on gut-homing regulatory CD4+ populations. We did not find a distinct immune phenotype associated with OPV immunogenicity, although viral pathogens were more prevalent in stool at the time of immunization among infants who failed to seroconvert (63.9% vs. 45.6%, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Using a machine-learning approach, we could predict seroconversion a priori using immune parameters and infection status with a median 58% accuracy (cross-validation IQR: 50-69%) compared with 50% expected by chance. Better identification of immune predictors of OPV immunogenicity is likely to require sampling of mucosal tissue and improved oral poliovirus infection models.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Live attenuated vaccines, Paediatric research
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 01 Apr 2020 11:09
Last Modified: 18 Jan 2023 23:56
DOI: 10.1038/s41541-020-0178-5
Related URLs:
URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3081310