Rose, Tanith 
ORCID: 0000-0001-5338-0359, Mason, Kate ORCID: 0000-0001-5020-5256, Pennington, Andy ORCID: 0000-0002-3455-8825, McHale, Philip ORCID: 0000-0002-8560-2291, Buchan, Iain ORCID: 0000-0003-3392-1650, Taylor-Robinson, David ORCID: 0000-0002-5828-7724 and Barr, Ben ORCID: 0000-0002-4208-9475
(2020)
Inequalities in COVID19 mortality related to ethnicity and socioeconomic deprivation.
[Preprint]
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Abstract
<h4>Background</h4> Initial reports suggest that ethnic minorities may be experiencing more severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) outcomes. We therefore assessed the association between ethnic composition, income deprivation and COVID19 mortality rates in England. <h4>Methods</h4> We performed a cross-sectional ecological analysis across England’s upper-tier local authorities. We assessed the association between the proportion of the population from Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) backgrounds, income deprivation and COVID19 mortality rates using multivariable negative binomial regression, adjusting for population density, proportion of the population aged 50–79 and 80+ years, and the duration of the epidemic in each area. <h4>Findings</h4> Local authorities with a greater proportion of residents from ethnic minority backgrounds had statistically significantly higher COVID19 mortality rates, as did local authorities with a greater proportion of residents experiencing deprivation relating to low income. After adjusting for income deprivation and other covariates, each percentage point increase in the proportion of the population from BAME backgrounds was associated with a 1% increase in the COVID19 mortality rate [IRR=1.01, 95%CI 1.01–1.02]. Each percentage point increase in the proportion of the population experiencing income deprivation was associated with a 2% increase in the COVID19 mortality rate [IRR=1.02, 95%CI 1.01–1.04]. <h4>Interpretation</h4> This study provides evidence that both income deprivation and ethnicity are associated with greater COVID19 mortality. To reduce these inequalities, Government needs to target effective control and recovery measures at these disadvantaged communities, proportionate to their greater needs and vulnerabilities, during and following the pandemic. <h4>Funding</h4> National Institute of Health Research; Medical Research Council
| Item Type: | Preprint |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | 4206 Public Health, 42 Health Sciences, 44 Human Society, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Behavioral and Social Science, Infectious Diseases, Social Determinants of Health, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 10 Reduced Inequalities, 3 Good Health and Well Being |
| Depositing User: | Symplectic Admin |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Jun 2020 08:32 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Apr 2025 19:54 |
| DOI: | 10.1101/2020.04.25.20079491 |
| Related Websites: | |
| URI: | https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3089954 |
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