Analysis of non-conjugated steroids in water using paper spray mass spectrometry


Jjunju, Fred PM, Damon, Deidre E, Romero-Perez, David, Young, Iain S ORCID: 0000-0002-9502-6216, Ward, Ryan J, Marshall, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-8058-5242, Maher, Simon and Badu-Tawiah, Abraham K (2020) Analysis of non-conjugated steroids in water using paper spray mass spectrometry Scientific Reports, 10 (1). 10698-. ISSN 2045-2322, 2045-2322

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Abstract

A novel strategy for the direct analysis of non-conjugated steroids in water using paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS) has been developed. PS-MS was used in the identification and quantification of non-conjugated (free) steroids in fish tank water samples. Data shown herein indicates that individual amounts of free steroids can be detected in aqua as low as; 0.17 ng/µL, 0.039 ng/µL, 0.43 ng/µL, 0.0076 ng/µL for aldosterone, corticosterone, cortisol, and β-estrone, respectively, and with an average relative standard deviation of ca. < 10% in the positive ion mode using PS-MS/MS. Direct detection of free steroids in a raw water mixture, from aquaculture, without prior sample preparation is demonstrated. The presence of free steroids released in fish water samples was confirmed via tandem mass spectrometry using collision-induced dissociation. This approach shows promise for rapid and direct water quality monitoring to provide a holistic assessment of non-conjugated steroids in aqua.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: 3401 Analytical Chemistry, 34 Chemical Sciences, 3406 Physical Chemistry
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 06 Jul 2020 09:28
Last Modified: 16 Jun 2026 07:23
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67484-7
Open Access URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-67484-7
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URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3092667
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