Immunogenicity of standard and extended dosing intervals of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine

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Payne, RP ORCID: 0000-0002-9037-7367, Longet, S, Austin, JA, Skelly, DT ORCID: 0000-0002-2426-3097, Dejnirattisai, W, Adele, S ORCID: 0000-0003-4458-1751, Meardon, N, Faustini, S ORCID: 0000-0002-9300-5569, Al-Taei, S, Moore, SC ORCID: 0000-0001-8610-2806 et al (show 90 more authors) , Tipton, T, Hering, LM ORCID: 0000-0002-5736-8725, Angyal, A, Brown, R ORCID: 0000-0002-5553-4232, Nicols, AR ORCID: 0000-0002-1813-3819, Gillson, N ORCID: 0000-0002-6137-6728, Dobson, SL ORCID: 0000-0002-4958-0021, Amini, A ORCID: 0000-0002-6837-8881, Supasa, P, Cross, A, Bridges-Webb, A, Reyes, LS ORCID: 0000-0002-3678-1836, Linder, A, Sandhar, G, Kilby, JA, Tyerman, JK ORCID: 0000-0001-6807-7088, Altmann, T, Hornsby, H ORCID: 0000-0002-6657-9743, Whitham, R, Phillips, E, Malone, T, Hargreaves, A ORCID: 0000-0002-7156-1521, Shields, A ORCID: 0000-0001-5345-2156, Saei, A, Foulkes, S ORCID: 0000-0001-7241-6345, Stafford, L ORCID: 0000-0002-1610-5136, Johnson, S, Wootton, DG ORCID: 0000-0002-5903-3881, Conlon, CP, Jeffery, K ORCID: 0000-0002-6506-2689, Matthews, PC ORCID: 0000-0002-4036-4269, Frater, J ORCID: 0000-0001-7163-7277, Deeks, AS ORCID: 0000-0001-8895-317X, Pollard, AJ ORCID: 0000-0001-7361-719X, Brown, A, Rowland-Jones, SL, Mongkolsapaya, J, Barnes, E, Hopkins, S, Hall, V, Dold, C, Duncan, CJA, Richter, A, Carroll, M, Screaton, G, de Silva, TI, Turtle, L ORCID: 0000-0002-0778-1693, Klenerman, P, Dunachie, S ORCID: 0000-0001-5665-6293, Abuelgasim, H, Adland, E, Adlou, S, Akther, HD, Alhussni, A, Ali, M, Ansari, MA, Arancibia-Cárcamo, CV, Bayley, M, Brown, H, Chalk, J, Chand, M, Chawla, A, Chinnakannan, S, Cutteridge, J, de Lara, C, Denly, L, Diffey, B, Dimitriadis, S, Drake, TM, Donnison, T, Dupont, M, Eyre, D, Fairman, A, Gardiner, S, Gilbert-Jarmillo, J, Goulder, P, Hackstein, CP, Hambleton, S, Haniffa, M, Haworth, J, Holmes, J, Horner, E, Jämsén, A, Jones, C, Kasanyinga, M, Kelly, S, Kirk, R, Knight, ML, Lawrie, A and Lee, L (2021) Immunogenicity of standard and extended dosing intervals of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine Cell, 184 (23). 5699-5714.e11. ISSN 0092-8674, 1097-4172

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Abstract

Extension of the interval between vaccine doses for the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine was introduced in the United Kingdom to accelerate population coverage with a single dose. At this time, trial data were lacking, and we addressed this in a study of United Kingdom healthcare workers. The first vaccine dose induced protection from infection from the circulating alpha (B.1.1.7) variant over several weeks. In a substudy of 589 individuals, we show that this single dose induces severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses and a sustained B and T cell response to the spike protein. NAb levels were higher after the extended dosing interval (6–14 weeks) compared with the conventional 3- to 4-week regimen, accompanied by enrichment of CD4⁺ T cells expressing interleukin-2 (IL-2). Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection amplified and accelerated the response. These data on dynamic cellular and humoral responses indicate that extension of the dosing interval is an effective immunogenic protocol.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	PITCH Consortium, T-Lymphocytes, Humans, Immunoglobulin G, Vaccines, Synthetic, Antibodies, Viral, Treatment Outcome, Linear Models, Immunity, Cross-Priming, Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic, Reference Standards, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Antibodies, Neutralizing, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Vaccines, Ethnicity, mRNA Vaccines, BNT162 Vaccine
Divisions:	Faculty of Health & Life Sciences Faculty of Health & Life Sciences > Inst. Infection, Vet & Ecological Sciences Faculty of Health & Life Sciences > Inst. Life Courses & Medical Sciences
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	17 Jan 2022 10:57
Last Modified:	22 Jan 2026 06:56
DOI:	10.1016/j.cell.2021.10.011
Related Websites:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3147011
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