Measurement of the cosmogenic neutron yield in Super-Kamiokande with gadolinium loaded water



Shinoki, M, Abe, K, Hayato, Y, Hiraide, K, Hosokawa, K, Ieki, K, Ikeda, M, Kameda, J, Kanemura, Y, Kaneshima, R
et al (show 230 more authors) (2023) Measurement of the cosmogenic neutron yield in Super-Kamiokande with gadolinium loaded water Physical Review D, 107 (9). 092009-. ISSN 2470-0010, 2470-0029

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Abstract

Cosmic-ray muons that enter the Super-Kamiokande detector cause hadronic showers due to spallation in water, producing neutrons and radioactive isotopes. These are a major background source for studies of MeV-scale neutrinos and searches for rare events. In 2020, gadolinium was introduced into the ultra-pure water in the Super-Kamiokande detector to improve the detection efficiency of neutrons. In this study, the cosmogenic neutron yield was measured using data acquired during the period after the gadolinium loading. The yield was found to be (2.76±0.02(stat)±0.19(syst))×10-4 μ-1 g-1 cm2 at an average muon energy 259 GeV at the Super-Kamiokande detector.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: 5106 Nuclear and Plasma Physics, 5107 Particle and High Energy Physics, 5110 Synchrotrons and Accelerators, 51 Physical Sciences
Divisions: Faculty of Science & Engineering > School of Physical Sciences
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 11 Sep 2023 08:33
Last Modified: 01 Mar 2026 02:50
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.107.092009
Open Access URL: https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/Phys...
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URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3172666
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