Harnessing mobility data to capture changing work from home behaviours between censuses

Gibbs, Hamish, Ballantyne, Patrick, Cheshire, James, Singleton, Alex and Green, Mark A ORCID: 0000-0002-0942-6628 (2024) Harnessing mobility data to capture changing work from home behaviours between censuses The Geographical Journal, 190 (2). ISSN 0016-7398, 1475-4959

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Abstract

AbstractThis paper provides an analysis of working from home patterns in England using data from the 2021 Census to understand (1) how patterns of working from home (WFH) in England have shifted since the COVID‐19 pandemic and (2) whether human mobility indicators, specifically Google Community Mobility Reports, provide a reliable proxy for WFH patterns recorded by the 2021 Census, providing a formal evaluation of the reliability of such datasets, whose applications have grown exponentially over the COVID‐19 pandemic. We find that WFH patterns recorded by the 2021 Census were unique compared with previous UK censuses, reflecting an unprecedented increase likely caused by persistent changes to employment during the COVID‐19 pandemic, with a clear social gradient emerging across the country. We also find that Google mobility in ‘Residential’ and ‘Workplace’ settings provides a reliable measurement of the distribution of WFH populations across Local Authorities, with varying uncertainties for mobility indicators collected in different settings. These findings provide insights into the utility of such datasets to support population research in intercensal periods, where shifts may be occurring, but can be difficult to quantify empirically.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	census, COVID-19, England, Google, mobility, working from home
Divisions:	Faculty of Science & Engineering > School of Environmental Sciences
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	07 Nov 2023 10:36
Last Modified:	16 Jun 2026 20:04
DOI:	10.1111/geoj.12555
Open Access URL:	https://rgs-ibg.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/1...
Related Websites:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3176669
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