Lu, Tianyu, Chen, Liquan, Zhang, Junqing 
ORCID: 0000-0002-3502-2926, Chen, Chen and Duong, Trung
(2024)
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Assisted Key Generation for Millimetre-Wave Multi-User Systems.
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 19 (99).
pp. 5373-5388.
ISSN 1556-6013, 1556-6021
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TIFS2024 KeyGen mmWave.pdf - Author Accepted Manuscript Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (888kB) | Preview |
Abstract
Physical layer key generation (PLKG) leverages wireless channels to produce secret keys for legitimate users. However, in millimetre-wave (mmWave) frequency bands, the presence of blockage significantly reduces the key rate (KR) of a PLKG system. To address this issue, we introduce reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) as a potential solution for constructing RIS-reflected channels, thereby enhancing the KR. Our study focuses on the beam-domain channel model and exploits the sparsity of mmWave bands to enhance the randomness of secret keys. To relieve pilot overhead in multi-user systems, we employ a compressed sensing (CS) algorithm to estimate angular information and propose a channel probing protocol with the full-array configuration for acquiring the beam-domain channel. We derive the analytical expressions for the KR in the case of full-array configuration. To optimize the KR, we design the phase shift and precoding vectors based on the obtained angular information. Furthermore, we employ a water-filling algorithm that relies on the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions to optimize power allocation for estimating the beam-domain channel with the same channel variance. When channel variances of the beam-domain channel differ, we design a deep-learning-based power allocation method for a more complex problem. What is more, we design a sub-array configuration scheme that exploits the difference in spatial angles between users to reduce pilot overhead and derive the analytical expression for the KR. Through extensive simulations, we demonstrate that our proposed PLKG schemes outperform existing methods.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | 4613 Theory Of Computation, 46 Information and Computing Sciences, 4006 Communications Engineering, 40 Engineering |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Engineering > School of Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Computer Science |
| Depositing User: | Symplectic Admin |
| Date Deposited: | 01 May 2024 08:15 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Dec 2024 00:45 |
| DOI: | 10.1109/tifs.2024.3397037 |
| Related URLs: | |
| URI: | https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3180696 |
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