Longitudinal analysis of echocardiographic and cardiac biomarker variables in dogs with atrial fibrillation: The optimal rate control in dogs with atrial fibrillation II study.

Pedro, Brigite, Mavropoulou, Antonia, Oyama, Mark A, Linney, Christopher, Neves, João, Dukes-McEwan, Joanna ORCID: 0000-0002-0326-8251, Fontes-Sousa, Ana P and Gelzer, Anna R (2024) Longitudinal analysis of echocardiographic and cardiac biomarker variables in dogs with atrial fibrillation: The optimal rate control in dogs with atrial fibrillation II study. Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 38 (4). pp. 2076-2088. ISSN 0891-6640, 1939-1676

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Abstract

<h4>Background</h4>Rate control (RC; meanHR_Holter ≤ 125 bpm) increases survival in dogs with atrial fibrillation (AF). The mechanisms remain unclear.<h4>Hypothesis/objectives</h4>Investigate echocardiographic and biomarker differences between RC and non-RC (NRC) dogs. Determine if changes post-anti-arrhythmic drugs (AAD) predict successful RC in subsequent Holter monitoring. Evaluate if early vs late RC affects survival.<h4>Animals</h4>Fifty-two dogs with AF.<h4>Methods</h4>Holter-derived mean heart rate, echocardiographic and biomarker variables from dogs receiving AAD were analyzed prospectively at each re-evaluation and grouped into RC or NRC. The primary endpoint was successful RC. Between group comparisons of absolute values, magnitude of change from admission to re-evaluations and end of study were performed using Mann-Whitney tests or unpaired t-tests. Logistic regression explored variables associated with inability to achieve RC at subsequent visits. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to compare survival time of early vs late RC.<h4>Results</h4>At visit 2, 11/52 dogs were RC; at visit 3, 14/52 were RC; and at visit 4, 4/52 were RC. At the end of study, 25/52 remained NRC. At visit 2, both groups had increased cardiac dimensions, but NRC dogs had larger dimensions; biomarkers did not differ. At the end of study, RC showed decreased cardiac dimensions and end-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) compared with NRC. No variables were useful at predicting RC success in subsequent visits. Survival analysis found no differences between early vs late RC.<h4>Conclusions and clinical importance</h4>The RC dogs had decreased cardiac dimensions and NT-proBNP, suggesting HR-mediated reverse-remodeling might benefit survival, even with delayed RC achievement. Pursuit of RC is crucial despite initial failures.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Animals, Dogs, Atrial Fibrillation, Dog Diseases, Natriuretic Peptide, Brain, Peptide Fragments, Anti-Arrhythmia Agents, Echocardiography, Electrocardiography, Ambulatory, Longitudinal Studies, Prospective Studies, Heart Rate, Female, Male, Biomarkers
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	28 Jun 2024 10:48
Last Modified:	17 Jan 2026 19:52
DOI:	10.1111/jvim.17120
Related Websites:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3182482
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