New methods and simulations for cosmogenic induced spallation removal in Super-Kamiokande-IV

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Locke, S, Coffani, A, Abe, K, Bronner, C, Hayato, Y, Ikeda, M, Imaizumi, S, Ito, H, Kameda, J, Kataoka, Y et al (show 210 more authors) , Miura, M, Moriyama, S, Nagao, Y, Nakahata, M, Nakajima, Y, Nakayama, S, Okada, T, Okamoto, K, Orii, A, Pronost, G, Sekiya, H, Shiozawa, M, Sonoda, Y, Suzuki, Y, Takeda, A, Takemoto, Y, Takenaka, A, Tanaka, H, Yano, T, Hirade, K, Kanemura, Y, Miki, S, Watabe, S, Han, S, Kajita, T, Okumura, K, Tashiro, T, Xia, J, Wang, X, Megias, GD, Bravo-Berguno, D, Labarga, L, Marti, Ll, Zaldivar, B, Pointon, BW, Blaszczyk, FDM, Kearns, E, Raaf, JL, Stone, JL, Wan, L, Wester, T, Bian, J, Griskevich, NJ, Kropp, WR, Mine, S, Smy, MB, Sobel, HW, Takhistov, V, Weatherly, P, Yankelevich, A, Hill, J, Kim, JY, Lim, IT, Park, RG, Bodur, B, Scholberg, K, Walter, CW, Bernard, L, Drapier, O, El Hedri, S, Giampaolo, A, Gonin, M, Mueller, Th A, Paganini, P, Quilain, B, Santos, AD, Ishizuka, T, Nakamura, T, Jang, JS, Learned, JG, Anthony, LHV, Sztuc, AA, Uchida, Y, Martin, D, Scott, M, Berardi, V, Catanesi, MG, Radicioni, E, Calabria, NF, Machado, LN, De Rosa, G, Collazuol, G, Iacob, F, Lamoureux, M, Ospina, N, Mattiazzi, M, Ludovici, L, Nishimura, Y, Maewaka, Y, Cao, S, Friend, M, Hasegawa, T, Ishida, T, Kobayashi, T, Jakkapu, M, Matsubara, T, Nakadaira, T, Nakamura, K, Oyama, Y, Sakashita, K, Sekiguchi, T, Tsukamoto, T, Nakano, Y, Shiozawa, T, Suzuki, AT, Takeuchi, Y, Yamamoto, S, Kotsar, Y, Ozaki, H, Ali, A, Ashida, Y, Feng, J, Hirota, S, Ichikawa, AK, Kikawa, T, Mori, M, Nakaya, T, Wendell, RA, Yasutome, K, Fernandez, P, McCauley, N ORCID: 0000-0002-5982-5125, Mehta, P, Tsui, KM, Fukuda, Y, Itow, Y, Menjo, H, Niwa, T, Sato, K, Tsukada, M, Mijakowski, P, Lagoda, J, Lakshmi, SM, Zalipska, J, Jung, CK, Vilela, C, Wilking, MJ, Yanagisawa, C, Jiang, J, Hagiwara, K, Harada, M, Horai, T, Ishino, H, Ito, S, Koshio, Y, Ma, W, Piplani, N, Sakai, S, Kitagawa, H, Barr, G, Barrow, D, Cook, L, Goldsack, A, Samani, S, Wark, D, Nova, F, Boschi, T, Di Lodovico, F, Taani, M, Zsoldos, S, Gao, J, Migenda, J, Yang, JY, Jenkins, SJ ORCID: 0000-0002-0982-8141, Malek, M, McElwee, JM, Stone, O, Thiesse, MD, Thompson, LF, Okazawa, H, Nakamura, K, Kim, SB, Yu, I, Seo, JW, Nishijima, K, Koshiba, M, Iwamoto, K, Ogawa, N, Yokoyama, M, Martens, K, Vagins, MR, Nakagiri, K, Kuze, M, Izumiyama, S, Yoshida, T, Inomoto, M, Ishitsuka, M, Matsumoto, R, Ohta, K, Shinoki, M, Suganuma, T, Kinoshita, T, Martin, JF, Tanaka, HA, Towstego, T, Akutsu, R, Hartz, M, Konaka, A, de Perio, P, Prouse, NW, Chen, S, Xu, BD, Zhang, Y, Posiadala-Zezula, M, Richards, B, Jamieson, B, Walker, J, Minamino, A, Okamoto, K, Pintaudi, G and Sasaki, R (2024) New methods and simulations for cosmogenic induced spallation removal in Super-Kamiokande-IV PHYSICAL REVIEW D, 110 (3). 032003-. ISSN 2470-0010, 2470-0029

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Abstract

Radioactivity induced by cosmic muon spallation is a dominant source of backgrounds for O(10 MeV) neutrino interactions in water Cherenkov detectors. In particular, it is crucial to reduce backgrounds to measure the solar neutrino spectrum and find neutrino interactions from distant supernovae. In this paper we introduce new techniques to locate muon-induced hadronic showers and efficiently reject spallation backgrounds. Applying these techniques to the solar neutrino analysis with an exposure of 2790×22.5 kton·day increases the signal efficiency by 12.6%, approximately corresponding to an additional year of detector running. Furthermore, we present the first spallation simulation at Super-Kamiokande, where we model hadronic interactions using fluka. The agreement between the isotope yields and shower pattern in this simulation and in the data gives confidence in the accuracy of this simulation, and thus opens the door to use it to optimize muon spallation removal in new data with gadolinium-enhanced neutron capture detection.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	5106 Nuclear and Plasma Physics, 5107 Particle and High Energy Physics, 51 Physical Sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Science & Engineering Faculty of Science & Engineering > School of Physical Sciences
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	27 Sep 2024 15:20
Last Modified:	16 Jun 2026 06:29
DOI:	10.1103/PhysRevD.110.032003
Open Access URL:	https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/Phys...
Related Websites:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3184772
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