An Ocean Memory Perspective: Disentangling Atmospheric Control of Decadal Variability in the North Atlantic Ocean


Khatri, H ORCID: 0000-0001-6559-9059, Williams, RG ORCID: 0000-0002-3180-7558, Woollings, T ORCID: 0000-0002-5815-9079 and Smith, DM ORCID: 0000-0001-5708-694X (2024) An Ocean Memory Perspective: Disentangling Atmospheric Control of Decadal Variability in the North Atlantic Ocean Geophysical Research Letters, 51 (20). ISSN 0094-8276, 1944-8007

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Abstract

An ocean memory framework is proposed to reveal the atmosphere's influence on ocean temperatures. Anomalous atmospheric forcing alters the ocean state through two mechanisms: short-term, local effects involving air (Formula presented.) sea heat fluxes and Ekman circulation, and long-term, far-field effects involving changes from overturning and gyre circulations. The framework employs the Green function's method to incorporate both effects, enabling the quantification of ocean memory and the contribution of atmospheric forcing to ocean thermal variability. The framework is employed to examine the North Atlantic Oscillation's (NAO) influence on the North Atlantic Ocean variability, including the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability, with its memory estimated to be (Formula presented.) years. The NAO and variability in the North Atlantic jet speed explain up to 30% of ocean decadal variability, primarily driven by temporal changes in ocean heat transport. Therefore, decadal fluctuations in ocean temperatures cannot be accurately modeled solely as a passive response to stochastic atmospheric forcing.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: ocean memory, Atlantic multidecadal variability, North Atlantic oscillation
Divisions: Faculty of Science & Engineering
Faculty of Science & Engineering > School of Environmental Sciences
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 18 Oct 2024 11:05
Last Modified: 28 Feb 2026 11:51
DOI: 10.1029/2024GL110333
Open Access URL: https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL110333
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URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3185190
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