Fluid Brilliance: Expanding the Horizons in MIMO Diversity Using Liquid Antenna

Gudivada, Viswanadh Raviteja and Huang, Yi ORCID: 0000-0001-7774-1024 (2025) Fluid Brilliance: Expanding the Horizons in MIMO Diversity Using Liquid Antenna IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 6 (2). pp. 383-392. ISSN 2637-6431, 2637-6431

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Abstract

A six-port liquid dielectric resonator antenna designed to enhance diversity for Wi-Fi applications operating at 2.45 GHz, leveraging the fluidic properties of liquids is presented. The proposed design incorporates both conventional and modified intrusive feeding mechanisms, specifically utilizing extended copper lines with vertical dielectric wall support. This arrangement is aimed at realizing six pattern and polarization-independent TM<inf>02δ+1</inf> , HEM^y<inf>21+δ1</inf> , HEM1<inf>22δ</inf> , HEM2<inf>22δ</inf>, HEM^x<inf>21δ+1</inf>, and HEM^y<inf>12δ+1</inf> higher-order modes belonging to the TM and HEM mode family. The liquid antenna demonstrates favorable MIMO characteristics and satisfactory far-field behavior, all within a compact profile of less than 0.24λo. A working prototype is designed and tested with good agreement between the simulated and the measured results.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Liquids, Dielectric resonator antennas, Dielectrics, Dielectric liquids, Metals, Antennas, Magnetic liquids, Antenna feeds, Pins, Solids, Dielectric resonator antenna, intrusive feed, liquid antenna, MIMO diversity, pattern diversity, polarization diversity, six-port DRA
Divisions:	Faculty of Science & Engineering Faculty of Science & Engineering > School of Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Computer Science
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	13 Jan 2025 08:38
Last Modified:	23 May 2026 09:38
DOI:	10.1109/ojap.2024.3519332
Related Websites:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3189654
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