Patients with neurological or psychiatric complications of COVID-19 have worse long-term functional outcomes: COVID-CNS-A multicentre case-control study

Collapse authors list.
Shil, Rajish SK, Seed, Adam, Franklyn, Nkongho Egbe, Sargent, Brendan F, Wood, Greta K ORCID: 0000-0001-6098-2331, Huang, Yun ORCID: 0000-0001-7843-9126, Dodd, Katherine C, Lilleker, James B, Pollak, Thomas A, Defres, Sylviane et al (show 18 more authors) , Jenkins, Thomas M, Davies, Nicholas WS, Cousins, David A, Zandi, Michael S, Jackson, Thomas A, Benjamin, Laura A ORCID: 0000-0002-9685-1664, Easton, Ava, Solomon, Tom ORCID: 0000-0001-7266-6547, Bradley, John R, Chinnery, Patrick F, Smith, Craig J, Nicholson, Timothy R, Carson, Alan, Thomas, Rhys H, Ellul, Mark Alexander ORCID: 0000-0002-6115-8245, Wood, Nicholas W, Breen, Gerome and Michael, Benedict Daniel ORCID: 0000-0002-8693-8926 (2025) Patients with neurological or psychiatric complications of COVID-19 have worse long-term functional outcomes: COVID-CNS-A multicentre case-control study SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 15 (1). 3443-. ISSN 2045-2322, 2045-2322

Access the full-text of this item by clicking on the Open Access link.

Abstract

It is established that patients hospitalised with COVID-19 often have ongoing morbidity affecting activity of daily living (ADL), employment, and mental health. However, little is known about the relative outcomes in patients with COVID-19 neurological or psychiatric complications. We conducted a UK multicentre case-control study of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 (controls) and those who developed COVID-19 associated acute neurological or psychiatric complications (cases). Among the 651 patients, [362 (55%) cases and 289 (45%) controls], a higher proportion of cases had impairment in ADLs (199 [68.9%] vs 101 [51.8%], OR 2.06, p < 0.0002) and reported symptoms impacting employment (159 [58.2%] vs 69 [35.6%] OR 2.53, p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in the proportion with depression or anxiety between case and control groups overall. For cases, impairment of ADLs was associated with increased risk in female sex, age > 50 years and hypertension (OR 5.43, p < 0.003, 3.11, p = 0.02, 3.66, p = 0.04). Those receiving either statins or angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors had a lower risk of impairment in ADLs (OR 0.09, p = 0.0006, 0.17, p = 0.03). Patients with neurological or psychiatric complications of COVID-19 had worse functional outcomes than those with respiratory COVID-19 alone in terms of ADLs and employment. Female sex, age > 50 years, and hypertension were associated with worse outcomes, and statins or ACE inhibitors with better outcomes.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	COVID-CNS Study Group, Humans, Nervous System Diseases, Hospitalization, Activities of Daily Living, Case-Control Studies, Mental Disorders, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Employment, Female, Male, United Kingdom, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
Divisions:	Faculty of Health & Life Sciences Faculty of Health & Life Sciences > Inst. Infection, Vet & Ecological Sciences Faculty of Health & Life Sciences > Inst. Systems, Molec & Integrative Biology > Inst. Systems, Molec & Integrative Biology
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	29 Jan 2025 15:31
Last Modified:	23 May 2026 09:44
DOI:	10.1038/s41598-024-80833-0
Open Access URL:	https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-80833-0
Related Websites:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3189995
Disclaimer:	The University of Liverpool is not responsible for content contained on other websites from links within repository metadata. Please contact us if you notice anything that appears incorrect or inappropriate.