A High Efficiency, Simple-Structure, Compact Wideband Microwave Energy Harvester for Wirelessly-Powered IoT Receivers

Shi, Jiupei, Song, Chaoyun, He, Yejun, Zhang, Cheng, Wang, Yuchao, Zhang, Zhonghe, Zhang, Jinyao, Li, Wenting and Huang, Yi ORCID: 0000-0001-7774-1024 (2025) A High Efficiency, Simple-Structure, Compact Wideband Microwave Energy Harvester for Wirelessly-Powered IoT Receivers IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 12 (13). p. 1. ISSN 2327-4662, 2327-4662

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Abstract

Wireless data links and wireless power transfer (WPT) have become emerging topics in IoT applications. A simple-structure high-efficiency rectenna is the key technology for wirelessly powered IoT receivers. Herein, we explore a unified co-design technique that synergizes wideband circular polarization (CP) antennas with high-frequency Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) Schottky diodes across the 10–20-GHz range. Our approach involves a systematic study of the rectifier’s nonlinear behavior over wide frequency ranges, followed by the identification of an effective antenna candidate for co-design. This strategy effectively obviates the need for matching networks, filters, and extra components typically found in conventional wideband rectennas. Consequently, we present a co-design example: the proposed CP antenna, featuring a measured impedance bandwidth of 11.65–16.9 GHz (36.8%), a 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 12.55–16.9 GHz (29.54%), and a measured peak gain of 8.5 dBic. This design integrates CP magneto-electric (ME)-dipole units with rectifier topologies. Measured results show an RF-DC efficiency of over 50% within the 11–14.6 GHz (28%) and 10–18 dBm power range, with a maximum conversion efficiency of 61%. This design approach holds broad applicability for all wideband rectennas, offering notable advantages in terms of simplicity, efficiency, and compactness.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Rectennas, Antennas, Wideband, Internet of Things, Broadband antennas, Receiving antennas, Antenna measurements, Rectifiers, Dipole antennas, Transmitting antennas, Circular polarization (CP), co-design, rectennas, wideband, wireless power transfer (WPT)
Divisions:	Faculty of Science & Engineering Faculty of Science & Engineering > School of Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Computer Science
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	11 Apr 2025 07:19
Last Modified:	28 Feb 2026 01:01
DOI:	10.1109/jiot.2025.3553958
Related Websites:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3191339
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